不同原油界面活性组分的分离及表征  

Seperation and characterization of Interfacial Active Agents in Different Crude Oils

作　　者：郭继香[1] 李明远[1] 林梅钦[1] 吴肇亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)提高采收率研究中心,北京102249

出　　处：《精细化工》2007年第5期457-461,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项经费资助(G1999022505)~~

摘　　要：用极性分离法将胜利油田孤东1#、孤东4#原油和大庆原油分离为饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质组分(S、Ar、R、As)。孤东1#和孤东4#沥青质组分质量分数(14.43%、11.35%)明显高于大庆原油沥青质组分质量分数(0.09%),而饱和分组分质量分数(47.08%、46.54%)低于大庆原油饱和分质量分数(68.08%)。孤东1#和孤东4#原油的原油组分(S、Ar、R、As)氧的质量分数、酸值由大到小的排序为:沥青质>胶质Ⅰ>芳香分>饱和分。而大庆原油的原油组分酸值由大到小的排序为:胶质Ⅰ>沥青质>芳香分>饱和分;大庆原油的饱和分组分中氧质量分数较低,饱和分中氧质量分数在原油氧中所占比例最高(0.375%),饱和分中的氧化物对大庆原油的界面活性影响不可忽视。在3种原油所有原油组分中,孤东1#原油沥青质的酸值最大(16.45 mg KOH/g沥青质),说明孤东1#原油沥青质组分含有较多酸性基团,反应活性较强。色-质分析结果表明,孤东原油饱和分正构烷烃在C10-C37呈双正态分布,大庆原油饱和分正构烷烃主要分布在C10-C38,基本呈正态分布。Crude oils from Shengli Oilfield（Gudong 1 # and 4#） and Daqing Oilfield were separated into saturated fraction, aromatic fraction, resin and asphaltene （ S, Ar, R, As） by four-fraction separation procedure. Mass percents of asphaltene in Gudong 1# and 4# crude oils （14.43% and 11.35% respectively） are noticeably higher than that in Daqing crude oil （0. 09%）, while mass percents of saturated fractions in Gudong 1# and 4# crude oils（47. 08% and 46. 54% respectively） are lower than that in Daqing crude oil （68. 08% ）. Oxygen content and acid value in Gudong 1# and 4# crude oils decreased in the following order-asphaltene 〉 resin I 〉 aromatic fraction 〉 saturated fraction. Acid value in Daqing crude oil decreased in the following order： resin I 〉 asphaltene 〉 aromatic fraction 〉 saturated fraction. Though oxygen content in saturated fraction of Daqing crude oil is relatively low,it constitutes the largest portion of total oxygen amount in crude oil （0. 375%）. Effects of the oxide in saturated fraction on interfacial properties of Daqing crude oil should not be neglected. Acid value of asphaltene in Gudong 1 # crude oil is the highest（16.45 mg KOH/g asphaltene） among the fractions from three kinds of crude oils. The higher acid value, the higher amount of acid groups in asphaltene. The curves between the number of carbon and content are double normal distribution of saturation in Gudong, and the curve is normal distribution of saturation in Daqing by using the method of chromatogram and mass spectrum.

关 键 词：原油 分离 酸值 沥青质 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程]