投加有效微生物强化SBR和SBBR除污效果的研究  

Study on Enhanced Contaminant Removal Efficiency by Adding Effective Microorganisms into SBR and SBBR

作　　者：王建芳[1] 赵庆良[1] 张雁秋[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2007年第9期56-59,63,共5页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：将有效微生物(EM)富集培养液分别引入序批式反应器(SBR)和序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),构成新型的EM—SBR和EM—SBBR污水处理系统,以不接种EM的SBR和SBBR为对照,分别考察了各反应器的除污效果。结果表明,当EM在SBR中形成稳定的优势菌群后,可显著提高活性污泥的浓度,并可改善污泥的沉降性能;EM—SBR在曝气时间为4 h时对COD和NH4+-N的去除率均大于94%,EM—SBBR对COD和NH4+-N的去除率比对照组均高出7%左右;EM—SBR因菌种随出水流失造成除污效果下降而需要周期性投菌,EM—SBBR因附着性生物膜的存在有效减少了菌种的流失量,从而使其投菌周期较EM—SBR的大为延长,EM—SBBR除污效果周期性下降的主要原因为菌种退化。Enriched effective microorganisms （EM） cultivation liquid was added into sequencing batch reactor （SBR） and sequencing batch biofilm reactor （SBBR） respectively to form the new-type wastewater treatment equipment （EM -SBR and EM -SBBR）. Using traditional SBR and SBBR as contrast, the contaminant removal efficiencies of each reactor were investigated. The results show that when EM is settled in the SBR （ EM - SBR）, the concentration of activated sludge is increased significantly and its settleability is improved. The removal rates of COD and NH4^＋ - N are above 94% in the EM - SBR when operated at aeration time of 4 hours. An extra 7% removal rates of COD and NH4^＋ -N in EM - SBBR are obtained compared with SBBR. The main reason which requires adding EM into the SBR periodically is the microorganisms flow out of the reactor and leading to a decrease of the contaminant removal rate. For the EM - SBBR, lower quantity of microorganisms flow out of the reactor because of the presence of attached biofilm. The addition frequency of EM into the EM - SBBR is less than that of the EM - SBR. Bacterium degradation is the main reason for periodic decrease of contaminant removal rate in the EM - SBBR.

关 键 词：有效微生物 序批式反应器 序批式生物膜反应器 生活污水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]