北京市区越冬长耳鸮的食性分析  

Diet of Wintering Long-eared Owls in Beijing City

作　　者：李晓京[1] 鲍伟东[2] 孙来胜 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学自然保护区学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [3]北京平谷区第六中学,北京101200

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2007年第2期52-55,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：教育部归国留学人员科研启动基金(2004527);北京市自然科学基金(6042019)

摘　　要：2004年11月至2005年4月,采用食团分析法对北京市区内天坛生物制药厂和国子监公园内栖息越冬的长耳鸮(Asiootus)的食物组成进行了分析。发现天坛生物制药厂长耳鸮的食物中啮齿类占41.0%,翼手类占29.5%,鸟类占29.3%,食虫类占0.2%;国子监长耳鸮的食物组成中翼手类占53.8%,啮齿类占21.5%,鸟类占24.7%。翼手目主要种类有山蝠(Nyctalus noctula)和普通伏翼(Pipistrellus abramus)等。长耳鸮三类主要食物所占比例的逐月变化显示,翼手类所占百分比不断上升,啮齿类所占比例先上升而到翌年1、2月开始下降,鸟类所占百分比一直在下降。蝙蝠大量出现于温带冬季鸮类的食物中属首次发现。Diet of wintering Long-eared Owls（ Asio otus ）was studied from November 2004 to April 2005 at two sites of Beijing , the courtyard of Tiantan Pharmaceutical Factory at the edge of the city and the courtyard of Guozijian Museum, located at the center of the city. Pellets were collected and analyzed monthly. At first location, the food items of Long-eared Owls included rodents （41.0%）, bats （29.5%）, birds （29.3%）, and insects （0.2%）, respectively. Mountain Noctule （ Nyctalus noctula ） and Javan Pipistrelle （ Pipistrellus abramus ） were the predominant species among bats. However, at the second site, the food items were formed by 53.8% bats, 21.5% rodents and 24.7% birds. Moreover, the component of bats, rodents and birds varied monthly in the food items of owls. The proportion of bats was increased in the duration of winter, but the proportion of rodents was increased in the earlier winter, and then was decreased in January and February. The component of birds in the food items became lesser from the beginning to the end of winter. It was the first time for us to find that the Long-eared Owl consumed a large proportion of bats during winter in temperate zone.

关 键 词：长耳鹗 越冬 食性分析 北京 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]