微生物对原油的乳化及促进白腐真菌原油降解研究  

Effects of bacteria on the emulsification of crude oil and the capability of white rot fungi in crude oil biodegradation

作　　者：钟伟[1] 李大平[2] 何晓红[2] 王晓梅[2] 高平[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期443-446,共4页Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-SW-114)

摘　　要：从胜利油田东辛采油厂含油废水中分离到3株能以原油为唯一碳源和能源并能乳化原油的菌株,采用油膜扩散法测其乳化能力,筛选原油乳化较好的菌株并预处理原油,再接种白腐真菌降解原油.结果表明筛选的3株细菌(分别命名为zsh7、zsh10、zsh11)发酵液使油膜空斑直径均大于19 cm.分别接种3株菌株和白腐真菌,在7天内可显著提高白腐真菌对原油的降解率,从71%分别提高到90%、93%、95.4%.经鉴定3株菌株分别为短芽孢杆菌属(Bre-vibacillus sp.)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacullus sp.)、假单胞菌(Pseuomonas sp.).Three bacterial strains that could utilize crude oil as sole carbon and energy source to emulsify crude oil were isolated from oil-containing wastewater of Dongxin oil mill, Shengli oil field. The strains were identified as Brevibacillus sp. , Bacullus sp. , Pseuomonas sp.. Each of them was named zsh7,zsh10 and zshll accordingly. The emulsification ability of each bacterial strain was determined by oil membrane spreading method. Crude oil was degraded by inoculated white rot fungi after being pretreated by each isolated bacterial strain. The results showed that the three bacterial strains could make the diameter of oil membrane spot spread more than 19 cm. At the same time,by simultaneously inoculating all the three bacteria,the degradation ratios of white rot fungi were enhanced from 71% to 95.4 % ,93 % ,90 % in seven days.

关 键 词：原油乳化 白腐真菌 石油降解 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]