油气资源矿权与土地产权的冲突——以陕北油气资源开发为例的分析  

The Conflict between Mining Rights of Oil and Gas Resources and Land Property Rights:A Case Study on the Development of Oil and Gas Resources in North Shaanxi

作　　者：胡健[1] 吴文洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学油气资源经济管理研究中心 [2]西安石油大学经济管理学院,西安710065

出　　处：《资源科学》2007年第3期8-16,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目:"油气资源开发与西部区域经济协调发展战略研究"(编号:05XJL013)

摘　　要：长期以来,资源经济学研究中存在一个突出的理论盲点———忽略了油气资源开发利用中矿权与土地产权关系的探讨。油气资源赋存于地下或土地之中,而在我国油气资源矿权与土地产权又是分离的,国家拥有油气矿权,国家与集体共同拥有地权,这就不可避免地产生一元矿权与二元地权之间的冲突。这种冲突集中表现在矿业权与矿业用地使用权取得方式上,而其产生的根源则不仅仅是我国有关法律、法规的不完善,更主要的是因为我国复杂的土地权利层次和权利结构以及法律上对集体土地权利的忽视。因此,在对陕北油气资源开发中矿权与地权矛盾及矿权制度演进分析总结的基础上,我们认为有效解决油气资源开发中矿权与地权冲突、缓解中央与地方利益关系的关键是创新油气资源矿权制度,变革集体土地所有权制度,完善矿业用地制度。The resource economics have gained brilliant achievements so far in the field of resource exploitation, environmental protection and development of regional economies. But the researches are still incomplete and inadequate. There is a prominent theoretical blind point in the study of resource economics, that is to say, the relationship between multiplex property rights, more specifically between the mining rights and the land property rights in the exploitation of fuel oil and gas has been neglected. There is an inevitable conflict between mining right and the land property right because the oil and gas resources deposit underground or the surface, but the mining rights of oil and gas resources and the land property rights are separated in China. The mining rights of oil and gas belong to the state, whereas the country and the collective together have the land property right. This conflict concentrated on the way how to obtain the mining rights and the rights to use land for mining. It is not only due to the imperfectness of our country＇s relevant law and regulations, but the complicated land ownership hierarchy and ownership structure of our country, and the negligence over the collective land ownership in law. Therefore, on the basis of the summarization of the contradiction between mining right and land property rights, and the analysis of the institutional evolution of mining rights in the development of oil and gas resources in North Shaanxi, we think the key to effectively settle the contradiction between mining right and land property right in the development of oil and gas resources, and to balance the interest relationship between the central and the local government is to rebuilt the resources property right system and accept the multi- beneficial parties of resources, such as to innovate the mining right system of oil and gas resources, reform the collective land ownership system, and improve the land utilization institution for the mining industry. Our research not only clear up the relationship bet

关 键 词：油气资源 矿业权 土地产权 矿业用地制度 

分 类 号：F426.2[经济管理—产业经济] F301