辽宁省滨海湿地资源类型及景观格局分析  

Resource Types and Landscape Pattern of Coastal Wetlands in Liaoning Province

作　　者：张华[1] 苗苗[2] 孙才志[1] 杨俊[2] 丁亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130021 [2]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,大连116029

出　　处：《资源科学》2007年第3期139-146,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室基金项目(编号:WELF-2004-B-009);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40501013)

摘　　要：基于遥感、GIS技术和野外调查，采用景观生态学研究法，对辽宁省滨海湿地资源类型与景观格局进行了研究。结果表明：①辽宁省滨海湿地总面积为17331．72km^2，其中浅海水域和陆域湿地分别为56．78％和43．22％，自然湿地和人工湿地分别为73．03％和26．97％；②辽宁省滨海湿地中有河口淤泥质海岸湿地9987．44km^2，占全省滨海湿地总面积的57．63％，集中分布在辽东湾顶部西崴子至小凌河口岸段和鸭绿江口至英那河口岸段，两岸段的湿地景观多样性指数分别为1．50和0．98；基岩淤泥质海岸湿地2639．76km^2，占15．23％，湿地景观多样性指数为0．59～1．07；砂砾质海岸湿地2377．83km^2，占13．72％，湿地景观多样性指数为0．51—0．99；基岩质海岸湿地2190．16km^2，占12．64％，湿地景观多样性指数为0．88；岛礁型基岩海岸湿地136．54km^2，占0．79％，湿地景观多样性指数为0．66。The coastland in Liaoning province is rich in resources of coastal wetland, which plays an important role in regional eeonomie development. This paper studies on resouree types and spatial pattern of coastal wetland in Liaoning province based on the techniques of remote sensing, GIS （Geographieal Information Systems） teehnology and field investigation, and introduces the method of landscape ecological study. The research results indicate that： 1 ）The eoastal wetland in Liaoning province has an area of 17 331.72 km^2. And wetland in shallow water is 56.78%, the rest is 43.22% ;2）It eontains 5 types of wetland. The first, Estuarine Mud Coastal Wetland, is 9 987.44 km^2, which covers 57.63 % of the whole wetland, mainly distributes in two estuaries, one is from Yalujiang River to Yingnahe River; the other is from Xiwaizi to Xiaolinghe River, and their landscape diversity indexes are 0.98 and 1.50 respectively. The second, Rock-mud Coastal Wetland, is 2 639.76 km^2, which covers 15.23%, mainly distributes in three estuaries, the first is from Yingnahe River to Dengshahe River, the second is from Pulandian Bay to Fuzhou Bay, and the last is from Xiaolinghe River to Huludao Island, their landscape diversity indexes are 1.07, 1.02, and 0.59 orderly. The third, Sand Coastal Wetland, is 2 377.83 km^2, which covers 13.72%, mainly distributes in two estuaries, one is from Fuzhou Bay to Xiwaizi, and the other is from Huludao Island to Hongshijiao, their landscape diversity indexes are 0.99 and 0.51 respectively. The fourth, Bedrock Coastal Wetland, is 2 190.16 km^2, which covers 12.64 %, distributes in the estuary sporadically, which is from Dengshahe River to Pulandian Bay, passing by the port of Liaodong Peninsula, its landscape diversity index is 0.88. The fifth, Island-reef Rock Coastal Wetland, is 136.54 km^2, which covers 0.79%, mainly distributes on the eoast of Changshan Island Chain and Shicheng Island Chain in Dalian, as well as Juhua Island in Huludao, its landscape diversity index is 0.66.

关 键 词：滨海湿地类型 海岸地貌 景观格局 景观特征指数 辽宁省 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]