广东优质稻品种的引进与利用 Ⅰ.长沙地区引种表现及利用前景  

Introduction and utilization of Guangdong fine-quality varieties in rice Ⅰ.Main characteristics and analysis of its introduction and utilization prospect

作　　者：齐绍武[1] 严钦泉[1] 朱旭东[1] 严秋平[1] 李贵成[1] 汤志诚[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学后勤服务集团,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期137-142,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：长沙市科技局项目(K041090-22);湖南农业大学科学基金项目(06WD06)

摘　　要：为了充分利用广东优质稻的优良性状,改良和提高湖南优质稻的性状水平,在分析广东优质稻品种的遗传背景、品种类型、农艺性状、抗病性、稻米品质和产量水平的基础上,结合湖南优质稻品种(组合)的主要性状特点,对20个广东优质稻品种引入湖南长沙夏播时的主要性状表现及其在湖南水稻育种上的利用前景进行了初步研究.结果表明,广东优质稻品种引入湖南一般可以作一季晚稻种植,少数可以作双季晚稻种植;20个品种的理论产量为6 430.5～9 271.5 kg/hm2,品种间差异很大,大多数品种属于矮秆大穗型;12个品种无垩白粒,8个品种有垩白粒,但垩白粒率很低;所配30个杂交稻组合有14个的结实率为75.07%～82.43%,与对照汕优63的75.1%～84.9%基本一致,有10个组合单株产量的超亲优势在20%以上,6个组合单株产量的竞争优势在10%以上,其中优IA/华新占的超亲优势与竞争优势最高,分别为61.7%和32.32%.In order to improve the quality of Hunan rice, the main characters, performance of 20 Guangdong fine quality rice varieties, when they were introduced to Changsha city, and its the utilization prospect in Hunan paddy breeding were studied, by analyzing its genetic background, varietals type, agricultural characters, disease resistance, rice quality, yield and its combining with main characters of Hunan fine quality rice varieties. Results showed that some of them was introduced to plant for single cropping late rice in Hunan, a few of them for double cropping rice, 20 varieties theoretical yields ranged from 6 430.5 - 9 271.5 kg/hm^2. The difference between the varieties varies largely, and the majority of them belongs to the short stalk and great panicles type. 12 of them do not have chalkiness, while 8 of them have low chalkiness. Of the matching 30 hybrid rice combinations, 14 reached the seed setting rate 75.07% - 82.43%, in accord with that of Shanyou 63, 75.1% - 84.9%, 10 combinations＇ single output reached above 20% in heterobeltiosis, of 6 combinations＇ single output above 10% in the competitive advantage. Heterobeltiosis and the competitive advantage of superior IA/Huaxinzhan reached the highest, 61.7% and 32.32% respectively.

关 键 词：优质稻品种 引种 利用前景 广东 长沙 

分 类 号：S511.02[农业科学—作物学]