2型糖尿病患者饮食与生活行为方式依从性的影响因素  

Determinants of eating therapy and lifestyles compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

作　　者：郑淑君[1] 成守珍[1] 姜燕 叶晓青[2] 林芳宇[1] 邱泉[3] 胡丙杰[5] 陈维清[3] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院护理部,广州510080 [2]中山大学附属第一医院内科,广州510080 [3]中山大学公共卫生学院流行病统计教研室 [4]红十字会医院护理部 [5]广州市卫生局科技处

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2007年第5期401-403,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

基　　金：广州市医药胜科技重大项目（2005-Zda-001）

摘　　要：目的 探讨影响2型糖尿病患者饮食与生活行为方式依从性的因素,为有效开展糖尿病教育提供依据。方法 对广州市五家医院就诊的349例2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,包括饮食与生活行为方式依从性、糖尿病知识、健康信念和患者自我效能等方面,采用线性逐步回归分析法筛选它们的影响因素。结果 饮食治疗依从性与措施应用技能（Beta=0.42,P〈0.01）、持有糖尿病是可控制的和治疗是益处的信念（Beta=0.14,P〈0.01）、年龄（Beta=0.12,P〈0.01）和自我效能（Beta=0.12,P〈0.05）呈显著正关联;生活行为方式改变的依从性与措施应用技能（Beta=0.28,P〈0.01）、认为治疗是必要的信念（Beta=0.22,P〈0.001）、年龄（Beta=0.21,P〈0.01）、持有糖尿病是可控制的和治疗是益处的信念（Beta=0.16,P〈0.01）和性别（1=男,2=女）（Beta=0.14,P〈0.01）呈显著正相关。结论 应加强对患者饮食和生活行为方式依从性的教育,重视对患者实际操作技能的训练,关注健康信念、自我效能对患者的影响。对非老年患者、男性患者健康生活行为方式的建立和长期依从应更为关注。Objective To explore determinants of eating therapy and lifestyles compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）and to provide scientific reference for conducting effective health education among them. Methods A questionnaire investigation was conducted in 349 T2DM patients sampled from 5 hospitals in Guangzhou. Contents included socio-demographics, eating therapy and lifestyles compliance, diabetes mellitus related knowledge and health beliefs, and self-efficacy, etc. Linear stepwise regression analysis was performed to identify the determinants. Results The results of linear stepwise regression analysis indicated that eating therapy compliance was significantly positively associated with skills for measures application （ Beta = 0.42, P〈 0.01 ）, belief for diabetes being controllable and treatment being benefit （ Beta = 0.14, P 〈 0.01 ）, age （ Beta = 0.12, P 〈 0.01 ） , self-efficacy （Beta = 0. 12, P 〈 0.05 ）; and lifestyle compliance was significantly positively related to skills for measures application （ Beta = 0.28, P 〈 0.01 ） , belief for treating diabetes being necessary （ Beta = 0.22, P 〈 0.01 ）, age （ Beta =0.21 , P〈0.01 ）, belief for diabetes being controllable and treatment being benefit （ Beta = 0.16, P〈0.01）, and gender （1 = male; 2 =female） （Beta =0. 14, P〈0.01）. Conclusion It should be strengthened in clinical practice that health care workers teach diabetes patients the importance and skills of compliance with eating therapy and lifestyles. At the same time, health belief and self-efficacy should be also considered. Especially, young patients and male patients ought to be paid more attention.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 饮食治疗 生活行为方式 依从性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]