论民国帮会走向社团化、政党化的原因  

On the Reasons Why Underworld Gangs in the Republic of China Change into Mass Organizations or Parties

作　　者：吴学文[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文与传播学院,上海200234

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2007年第1期129-135,共7页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目(T0403)

摘　　要：民国时期帮会社团化、政党化倾向显著,其原因主要有:民国后,由于周边环境出现重大变化,帮会为了生存和发展,便于向上层社会流动,以实现利益最大化,不得不改弦更张,其目标、任务也随之发生重大转移。此时帮会内部构成也出现较大变化,其中下层中来自劳工界、商界和知识界成员比重大大增加,他们有较稳定的职业,也较安分;其上层人物已基本上按统治者需要清洗而分化、重新整合,帮会反政府的思想和力量大大削弱。内外因素使得组建政党和社团成为帮会实现利益最大化的最佳途径。Underworld gangs in the Republic of China had an apparent tendency of turning into mass organizations or parties for the following reasons. Because of the environmental changes in the later stage of the Republic of China and in order to survive, move into the upper class and seek for the maximum benefit, underworld gangs had to adjust their objectives and tasks. Meanwhile, the internal structure of underworld gangs changed a lot. There were more members from working class, business circle and intellectual class who had stable jobs and thus were law-abiding. Some senior leaders of gangs were eliminated and the whole leading group was disintegrated by the ruling class so that the gangs＇ anti- governmental power had decreased largely. The internal and external factors caused the gangs to turn into mass organizations or parties, the best means to seek for the maximum benefit.

关 键 词：帮会 社团化 政党化 利益最大化 

分 类 号：K258[历史地理—历史学]