主动声纳检测技术的回顾与展望  

Review and prospect of active sonar detection techniques

作　　者：刘贯领[1] 凌国民[1] 严琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州应用声学研究所,杭州310012

出　　处：《声学技术》2007年第2期335-340,共6页Technical Acoustics

摘　　要：由于低噪声隐身型潜艇的出现,声纳技术面临着激烈的挑战,低频主动声纳及其信号检测技术成为水声领域的研究热点之一。但是浅海的工作环境对主动探测相当不利,如何利用信道和背景干扰的特点,改进检测性能是研究的重点。模基处理、广义匹配滤波、混响消除、组合信号和波形融合处理、DLCT一体化处理等等技术在不同的方面能发挥一定的改进作用。对这些主动声纳检测技术的回顾与梳理,将为开展该领域研究工作提供一些有益的参考。随着人们对海洋环境理解的深入以及更准确、稳健性更好的水声模型建立,各种模基检测算法将被逐步应用到工程中。在此之前,诸如RCI/SRC这类介于模基和非模基之间的检测方法,由于其具有良好的稳健性、可移植性以及优于常规检测方法等优点,有望率先在工程中获得应用。同时,这些方法的组合应用,比如组合信号与波形融合、SRC/RCI相结合等,也就有较强的现实可操作性。Emergence of low radiation stealthy submarines poses a serious challenge to conventional sonar detection techniques. As an effective countermeasure, low frequency active sonar and the related detection techniques have become a research focus. In the complex and hostile operating environments, active sonar detection faces serious difficulties. As a result, much attention has been g/yen to the improvement of detection performance by exploiting underwater channel characteristics and/or background interferences. Promising results have been obtained. Techniques such as model-based processing, generalized matched filtering, reverberation elimination, combined signals and waveform fusion provide significant performance gain. With a better understanding of ocean environments, more precise and robust acoustic models are established. Model-based detection tech- niques will find their ways to practical applications. Before that happens, quasi model-based techniques such as RCI/SRC will be applied first due to the modest improvement over the classical detection methods, and the merits such as robustness, portability and ease of implementation. Mean- while, combination of these techniques, e.g., combination of combined signal and waveform fusion, and SRC/RCI, etc., are also feasible.

关 键 词：主动声纳 检测技术 浅海海域 回顾 展望 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]