长白山区栽培穿龙薯蓣采收期的研究  

Study on the harvest time of cultivated Dioscorea nipponica Makino in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：秦佳梅[1] 牛志多[2] 张卫东[3] 刘丽娟[1] 徐国经[2] 

机构地区：[1]通化师范学院生物系,吉林通化134002 [2]吉林省中医中药研究院,吉林长春130021 [3]通化市园艺研究所,吉林通化134001

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第5期166-168,172,共4页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目"穿龙薯蓣无公害规范化栽培示范基地建设"(20030909-06)

摘　　要：为确定穿龙薯蓣的最佳栽培年限及采收期,对长白山区栽培的穿龙薯蓣产量及不同载培年限根茎薯蓣皂苷元含量进行了测定。结果表明,于秋季果熟期之后或春季鞭梢子期之前采收,穿龙薯蓣的产量均较高;5月采集的穿龙薯蓣根茎中薯蓣皂苷元含量最高;2年生穿龙薯蓣根茎中的薯蓣皂苷元含量即可达到《中国药典》标准,而3年生和4年生穿龙薯蓣根茎中薯蓣皂苷元的含量远高于2年生穿龙薯蓣。因此,长白山区穿龙薯蓣最佳栽培年限应为3年,最佳采收期为每年的5月中旬。To make certain the optimum cultivated fixed number of year and harvest time of D. nipponica,we have mensurated the output and content of diosgenin in different years of D. nipponica in Changbai Mountain. Results showed that the yield of D. nipponica was high after the fruitage ripeness term in autumn or before the scourge-end term in spring; the content of diosgenin in the 2-year-old plant rhizome reached the standard of Pharmacopoeia of People＇s Repubilc of China. what＇s more, the content of diosgenin in 3 or 4-year-old plant rootstock is far higher than that in 2-year-old plant rhizome,and the content of diosgenin rhizome in May collection reached the highest. So the best cultivated fixed number of year for D. nipponica in Changbai Mountain should be 3 years,and the best harvest time should be at the middle ten days of May.

关 键 词：穿龙薯蓣 产量 薯蓣皂苷元 最佳采收期 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]