通风控制方式对动物粪便堆肥过程中氮、磷变化的影响  

Changes of nitrogen and phosphorus in animal manure composting with different aeration control modes

作　　者：常勤学[1] 魏源送[1] 刘俊新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2007年第5期732-738,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家"十五"重大科技专项(No2002AA601022);国家自然科学基金项目(No50578156)~~

摘　　要：以动物园内的动物粪便和水杉落叶为原料,分别采用时间-温度联合控制(I号堆体)、时间控制(Ⅱ号堆体)的强制通风控制方式进行堆肥试验,考察了2种强制通风控制方式对动物粪便堆肥过程中氮、磷元素变化的影响.研究结果表明,经过51d的堆肥化以后,Ⅰ、Ⅱ号堆体的NH4+-N平均含量分别从0.95g·kg-1和0.78g·kg-1下降到0.36g·kg-1和0.62g·kg-1,NO3--N平均含量分别从152mg·kg-1和120mg·kg-1增加到351mg·kg-1和243mg·kg-1.由于“浓缩效应”,堆肥过程中TN、TP、速效磷的含量均有所增加,Ⅰ、Ⅱ号堆体的TN平均含量分别从16.05g·kg-1和15.71g·kg-1增加到19.70g·kg-1和21.41g·kg-1,TP平均含量分别从8.17g·kg-1和8.23g·kg-1增加到9.38g·kg-1和9.62g·kg-1,速效磷平均含量分别从1.83g·kg-1和1.99g·kg-1增加到2.81g·kg-1和3.57g·kg-1.统计分析结果表明,这2种强制通风控制方式对堆肥过程中速效磷含量变化有着显著的影响(p=0.002),但对其它指标(C/N比、NH4+-N、TN、NO3--N、TP)含量变化的影响却不显著(p>0.05).Abstract： Experiments were carried out to investigate the impact on nitrogen and phosphorus in animal manure composting with two kinds of aeration control modes, time - temperature control for Pile Ⅰ and time control for Pile Ⅱ. The results showed that after 51 days composting, the NH4^＋ -N concentrations in Pile Ⅰ and Pile Ⅱ decreased to 0.36 g· kg^-1 and 0.62 g· kg^-1 from 0.95 g· kg^ - 1 and 0.78 g· kg^-1, respectively, and the NO3^- -N concentrations in Pile Ⅰ and Pile Ⅱ increased to 351 mg· kg^-1 and 243 mg· kg^-1 from 152 mg· kg^-1 and 120 mg· kg^-1 , respectively. The concentrations of TN, TP and available phosphorus increased due to concentration effect. The TN concentrations in Pile Ⅰ and Pile Ⅱ increased to 19.70g· kg^-1 and 21.41 g· kg^-1 from 16.05 g· kg^-1 and 15.71g· kg^-1, respectively, and the TP concentrations in Pile Ⅰ and Pile Ⅱincreased to 9.38 g· kg^-1 and 9.62 g· kg^-1 from 8.17 g· kg^-1 and 8.23 g· kg^-1, respectively, and the available phosphorus concentrations in Pile Ⅰ and Pile Ⅱincreased to 2.81 g· kg^-1 and 3.57g· kg^-1 from 1.83 g· kg^-1 and 1.99 g· kg^-1 respectively. Statistics results showed that the aeration control mode had significant effect on changes of the available phosphorus concentration （p = 0. 002）, but had little significant effect on these indexes, including C/N ratio, NH4^＋ -N, TN, NO3^- -N and TP （p 〉0.05）.

关 键 词：动物粪便 堆肥 通风控制方式 氮 磷元素 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]