肠球菌医院感染的临床特征及耐药性监测  

THE CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION OF ENTEROCOCCI AND SURVEILLANCE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE

作　　者：李永祥[1] 宋秀兰[1] 丁曙光[1] 张黎霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉兴市第一医院,嘉兴314000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2007年第10期1863-1864,1871,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解肠球菌医院感染的临床特征及其对常用抗生素的耐药性。[方法]收集肠球菌医院感染病例的临床资料,分析其分布特征,并对分离到的菌株进行体外药敏试验。[结果]临床分离到的肠球菌以粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌为主,标本分布中以泌尿生殖道标本、呼吸道标本及伤口分泌物最常见。屎肠球菌对β-内酰胺类、喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药率均在70%以上,明显高于粪肠球菌的20%～40%;而粪肠球菌对喹奴普丁/达福普丁、四环素、氯霉素的耐药率分别为69.8%、71.9%、43.8%,高于屎肠球菌的6.1%、46.9%、20.4%;两者对红霉素、利福平的耐药率均大于70%;未发现万古霉素耐药肠球菌。[结论]肠球菌是医院感染的重要病原菌,对常用抗生素的耐药率较高,临床上应定期监测肠球菌医院感染的流行及其耐药情况,预防和控制肠球菌医院感染的发生。[Objective]To find out the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection of Enterococci and their antibiotic resistance.[Methods]The clinical data of nosocomial infection cases of Enterococci were collected,with which the distribution characteristic was analyzed.And the antibiotic resistance of isolated strains were tested.[Results]The isolated Enterococci mainly included Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium,which mostly distributed over the specimens of urinary system,respiratory system and the wound secretiorl. The resistant rate of Enterococcus faecium to β-lactams, Quinolones were all above 70%, which were obviously higher than the 20%-40% of Enterococcus faecalis. But the resistant rate of Enterococcus faecalis to Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol respectively were 69.8%, 71.9%, 43.8%, which were significantly higher than the 6.1%, 46.9%, 20.4% of Enterococcus faecium. The resistant rate for both of them to Erythromycin, Rifampin were aU above 70%. and no strain resistant to Vancomycin was found. [Gonclusions] Enterococci are important pathogenic bacterium in nosocomial infection, whose resistant rate to the commonly used antibiotic are high. Regular surveillance on nosocomial infection of Enterococci and their antibiotic resistance should be put into practice in clinical to prevente and control the occurrence of nosocomial infection of Enterococci.

关 键 词：肠球菌 医院感染 抗生素 耐药性 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]