清水江的鱼类区系及生态类型  

Fish fauna and its ecological types of Qingshui River in Guizhou Province, Southwest China

作　　者：代应贵[1] 陈毅峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第5期682-687,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：贵州省科技攻关项目(黔科合2004NGY008);贵州省科学基金[黔科合(2004)3027];贵州省省长基金[黔省专合字(2005)347];贵州省教育厅科学基金(黔教科2002304)

摘　　要：为了系统研究清水江的鱼类区系和生态类型,在2002—2004年对清水江进行了鱼类标本的采集和生态学调查。共采集鱼类标本2500余号,经鉴定为71种(亚种)。其中中华花鳅、拟尖头鲌、长身鳜和长吻鮠等52种(亚种)鱼类为清水江鱼类新记录,而红尾副鳅、长薄鳅、海南拟、福建纹胸鮡和长须黄颡鱼则首次被发现分布于沅江水系。结合文献记录与调查表明:清水江共有鱼类4目13科57属86种(亚种),其中仅胡子鲇为外来种;清水江鱼类区系具有土著鱼类占优势、特有种类和易(濒)危种类较多、区系组成较复杂和与珠江水系之间存在着鱼类跨水系分布的现象等特点。清水江鱼类在洄游、食性、繁殖和栖息习性等方面分别属于不同的生态类型。A total of more than 2500 specimen of fish belonging to 71 species （subspecies） in the Qingshui River, Guizhou Province were collected in 2002--2004, and their ecological habits were surveyed. Of the 71 species （subspecies）, 52 species （subspecies） including Cobitis sinensis, Culter oxycephaloides, Coreosiniperca roulei and Leiocassis longirostris were newly recorded in the river, and Paracobitis variegates, Leptobotia elongate, Pseudohemiculter hainanensis, Glyptothoraxfukiensis, and Pelteobagrus eupogon were first found to be distributed in the Yuanjiang River system. Based on the historical records and this survey, it was concluded that the fish fauna in the Qingshui River comprised 86 species （subspecies）, 57 genera, 13 families and 4 orders. Of the 86 species （ subspecies）, only Clarias fuscus was exogenous, and the rest were indigenous. The fish fauna in the river presented the characters of dominant by indigenous species and companying with special species and vulnerable and endangered species, and of complex components and sharing the fish species with that in the Pearl River system. The fish in the Qingshui River belonged to different ecological types in migration, feeding, reproduction, and inhabitation.

关 键 词：清水江 鱼类 区系 生态类型 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]