岷江上游黑水河流域不同景观结构小流域径流系数的比较  

Comparison of runoff coefficient of watersheds with different landscape structure in Heishui River basin of Minjiang River upper reach

作　　者：许申来[1] 李秀珍[1] 胡远满[1] 何兴元[1] 周昊[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 [2]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第5期712-717,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2002CB111506)

摘　　要：在GIS技术支持下,结合岷江上游黑水河流域1988—2002年多年平均降水量和蒸散量空间分布,对不同景观结构的小流域多年平均径流系数进行比较。结果表明:不同土地覆盖类型组合流域多年平均径流系数大小关系依次为林灌流域<林灌草复合流域<森林流域<林草流域,这与流域土地利用类型、流域海拔分布和迎风坡向分布特征有关;对于森林流域和灌木流域,其多年平均径流系数主要受多年平均降水量、多年平均蒸散量和平均坡度共同影响;对于林草流域和林灌草复合流域,其多年平均径流系数主要受流域的多年平均降水量、多年平均蒸散量和多林草面积比共同影响。By using the 1988--2002 data of annual mean precipitation and evapotranspiration in the Heishui River basin of Minjiang River upper reach, and with the help of GIS, a comparison was made on the annual mean runoff coefficient of the watersheds with different landscape structure in the Heishui River basin. The results showed that the magnitude of the annual mean runoff coefficient was in the sequence of forest-shrub watershed 〈 forest-grass-shrub watershed 〈 forest watershed 〈 forest-grass watershed, which was related to the land cover type, mean altitude and windward slope direction. For forest watershed and shrub watershed, the annual mean runoff coefficient was affected by mean annual precipitation, mean annual evapotranspiration and mean slope grade. For forest-grass and forest-grass-shrub watersheds, the annual mean coefficient was affected by mean annual precipitation, mean annual evapotranspiration, and the ratio of forest/grass area.

关 键 词：黑水河流域 流域景观结构 多年平均降水量 多年平均蒸散量 多年平均径流系数 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]