珠江三角洲巴西蕉适宜种植密度研究  

Suitable plantation density of Baxi banana in Pearl River Delta

作　　者：李国良[1] 姚丽贤[1] 张政勤[1] 周修冲[1] 涂仕华 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院土壤肥料研究所,广东广州510640 [2]国际植物营养研究所成都办事处,四川成都610066

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2007年第5期39-43,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中加国际合作项目;广东省国际合作项目(2004B50201008);广东省成果转化启动项目(2005B60201003);广州市国际合作项目(2005Z3-I0041)

摘　　要：从植株长势、叶片光合特性和养分状况、果实品质、产量及种植效益等方面探讨了珠江三角洲主栽品种巴西蕉的适宜种植密度。结果表明,在种植密度1 680～2 160株/hm2范围内,提高第一造蕉种植密度可明显增加单位面积产量和提高种植利润,但植株生长延迟,叶片(尤其是下位叶)光合作用下降,叶片N、K、Mg养分含量受到影响,单株产量下降,收获推迟;第二造蕉调整至相同密度时,第一造蕉密度较大的处理使其第二造蕉植株长势受到较大影响,但叶片N、K养分含量却显著提高,最终使第二造蕉产量接近、收获时间也基本一致。结合香蕉收获时间及种植效益,提出在不降低株产及果实品质的前提下,春种第一造蕉的适宜种植密度约为1 920株/hm2。Suitable plantation density of Baxi banana （Musa AAA Giant Cavendish） in Pearl River Delta was investigated in relation to plant＇s growth, photosynthesis and nutritional status of leaf, quality and yield of fruit, as well as the plantation profits of banana. In the plantation density range from 1 680 to 2 160 mother plants per hectare, plant＇s growth was retarded, photosynthesis of leaf （especially the lower leaf） was inhibited, foliar N, K and Mg nutrition was influenced by higher density. Moreover, the bunch weight was decreased and harvesting time was delayed, but the fruit yield per hectare and plantation profits were greatly imp^ved. While the density of daughter plant was regulated to the same level, the growth of the daughter plants from the higher density of the mother plants was obviously restrained, but foliar N and K content were significantly increased, resulting in similar yield and concurrent harvesting time for three densities. Totally, about 1 920 seedlings per hectare is suitable for the mother banana plant in spring in Pearl River Delta.

关 键 词：巴西蕉 种植密度 光合特性 叶片营养 种植效益 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]