不同栽培模式和施肥方法对旱地冬小麦氮素吸收运转的影响  

The effects of different cultivation models and fertilizer application methods on N absorption and translocation of dryland winter wheat

作　　者：邱临静[1] 周春菊[2] 李生秀[1] 薛亮[1] 王虎[3] 王林权[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西安市农业技术推广中心土肥站,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2007年第3期355-360,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230230);国家自然科学基金(30571085)资助

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了旱地不同栽培模式和施肥方法下冬小麦氮素吸收运转的特点。结果表明,与平作相比,垄沟栽培明显降低了开花期地上部分的氮素累积量,但显著增加了成熟期地上部分和子粒的氮素累积量;垄上覆膜有增加开花和成熟期地上部及子粒氮素累积的作用。从花后氮素转运与吸收情况看,垄沟栽培花后累积氮量及其对子粒的贡献率显著高于平作,但其转运氮贡献率显著低于平作;垄上覆膜有较高的氮素转运量和花后累积量。垄下施肥地上部和子粒的氮素累积量比常规施肥分别高1.47和1.75 mg/stem,差异达显著水平。Ridge and furrow planting （RF） and ridge film mulching planting （RFM） have been regarded as major approaches to conserving soil water and improving crop yield in dryland area, but only conventional fertilizer application method （broadcasting） has been used. Many researches showed that the method of band application under ridge could reduce N loss and increase N utilization efficiency, but little information is available about the effects of different cultivation conditions and fertilizer application methods on N adsorption and translocation at the stage of wheat grain filling. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of N absorption, distribution and transportation of winter wheat Xiaoyan 22 under different cultivation models and fertilization application methods under rain-fed conditions. Field experiment was conducted from 2004 to 2005 at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi province. The treatments included three cultivation models （conventional cultivation （CC）, RF and RFM） and two fertilization application methods under the condition of ridge-furrow [conventional method （RFC） and fertilizer placement under ridge （RFR）]. The main results indicated that the N accumulation amount in shoot under RF was significantly lower than CC at anthesis, but RF could significantly increase the amount of N accumulation in shoot and grain at maturity co accumulated more N in higher than that in CC, mpared with that in CC, largely due to the increase of N absorption amount after anthesis. RFM shoot and grain than CC. The contribution of post-anthesis N assimilation to grain N in RF was but the amount of N translocation from vegetative organs to grain was lower in RF compared with CC. RFM could not only improve post-anthesis N assimilation, but also stimulate the remobilization of stored N in vegetative organs to grain. The N accumulation amount of shoot and grain in RFR were higher than that in RFC, with an incre

关 键 词：栽培模式 施肥方法 冬小麦 氮素 转运 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]