贵州喀斯特山区植物营养元素含量特征  

Characteristics of the nutrient element contents in plants from Guizhou karst mountainous area of China

作　　者：杨成[1] 刘丛强[1] 宋照亮[2] 刘占民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室 [2]浙江林学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《生态环境》2007年第2期503-508,共6页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家"973"重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB403200);中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-140);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-105)

摘　　要：贵州喀斯特山区是我国乃至世界喀斯特分布面积最大的片区之一,由于其生态系统的脆弱性,加之人类活动的干扰,使得该区的植被退化较为严重。文章选择该区的12种主要植物作为研究对象,对其营养元素进行了研究。结果表明:>1000μg·g-1的元素有N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S,100～1000μg·g-1的元素有Fe、Mn、Al,10～100μg·g-1的元素有Zn、Sr,<10μg·g-1的元素为Cu、Mo,其中Mo含量最低,仅为0.17μg·g-1。这些元素中,Ca、P、K元素高于所报道的陆生植物的含量范围。元素含量特点是Ca>K>Mg型。N、P、K、Mg元素的频数分布为正态分布,Ca、Al、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Sr、S元素为对数正态分布。变异系数大于100%的元素有Al、Fe、Mn、Sr,变异系数小于60%的元素有N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Cu,其中Ca的变异系数最小,仅为11.8%。不同生境下相同植物的营养元素含量有较大的差异,石灰土上植物的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Al、Cu、Mo元素含量要高于黄壤上植物的。元素间的相关分析表明:P和K、P和Cu、Al和Fe、Al和Zn、Fe和Zn元素具有显著相关关系;N和P、P和Mg、K和Al、K和Cu、Ca和Sr、S和Mo元素具有一般相关关系。Developed in Guizhou is the largest karst mountainous area in China, even throughout the world. The vulnerability of its ecosystem and the interference of human activities have led to serious degradation of vegetation in this area. In this paper we selected 12 main plant species from this area as the subject of study, and examined their nutrient elements. The results showed that the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S are greater than 1000 μg·g^-1; those ofFe, Mn and AI vary between 100 and 1000 μg·g^-1, those of Zn and Sr are within the range of 10-100 μg·g^-1; and those of Cu and Mo are lower than 10 μg·g^-1. The content of Mo is lowest （only 0.17μg·g^-1）. The contents of Ca, P and K are higher than those of the terrestrial plants so far reported. The element contents are characterized as being of＂Ca〉K〉Mg＂ type. The elements K, Mg, N and P are of normal distribution, while the elements Ca, Al, Fe, M n, Cu, Zn, Sr and S are of lognormal distribution. The coefficients of variation （C.V.） are 〉 100% for Al, Fe, Mn and Sr; 〈60% for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S and Cu, and 11.8% （the lowest value） for Ca, respectively. The nutrient element contents of the same plant in different habitats show great differences. The contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Cu and Mo in the plants growing in lime soil are higher than in yellow soil. Correlation analysis indicates that there are obvious correlations between P and K, P and Cu, Al and Fe, Al and Zn, Fe and Zn; while general correlations between N and P, P and Mg, K and Al, K and Cu, Ca and Sr, and S and Mo.

关 键 词：喀斯特山区 植物 营养元素 贵州 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]