高水平运动技能训练中的运动知觉心理训练取向  

Mental Practice Direction of the Motor Perception in High Level Sport Skill Training

作　　者：陈耕春[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院心理学教研室,西安710068

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2007年第3期9-12,共4页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2005C262)

摘　　要：针对目前高水平运动技能训练中解决细节问题时缺乏具体操作方法的现状,试图通过基础理论及运动专门化知觉训练范式的分析,以引起教练员对运动技能心理训练的重视。研究提出,应该重视心理训练在运动技能训练中的作用,心理训练不仅仅只是情绪管理,它还担负增强动作技能认知复述的任务;正确的运动知觉是运动反应的前提,专门化知觉训练是运动技能训练方法的取向;高水平运动技能训练中求质比求量更重要,破坏动力定型或认知结构的练习宁肯不做;建立科学的感知觉定位系统并结合有效反馈控制手段是操作策略;遮蔽、表象、反馈和量化控制等是技能细化的具体方法。In view of the present situation of lacking the concrete operating procedure to solve the detailed problems in high level motor skill training, several viewpoints are proposed through the basic theories and the analysis of the training paradigns of the sport specialized perception; The function of the Mental practice in the sport skill training should be valued not only because it could manage one＇s mood, but also could enhance the cognition repeats of movement skill; The correct motor perception is the premise of the sport reaction, and the specialized perception training is the direction of the sport skill training methods; It is rather not to exercise than destruct the power stereotype and the cognition structure in case of the importance of the quality in the high levels sports skill training; To establish the scientific localization system of the sensation and the perception as well as to combine with the effective operational strategy of the feedback control methods, in which covering, imaging, feedback and the quantification controlling and so on are the concrete methods to refine the skills.

关 键 词：高水平运动技能 运动知觉 心理训练取向 技能细化 

分 类 号：G804.86[文化科学—运动人体科学]