高含沙水流紊动能量转化与耗散规律  

Transfer and dissipation laws of turbulent energy in hyperconcentrated flow

作　　者：舒安平[1] 张科利[2] 费祥俊[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [3]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水利学报》2007年第4期383-388,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(10672024);教育部留学回国启动基金项目(213003);北京师范大学科研启动基金项目(107023)

摘　　要：基于两相挟沙水流紊动能量平衡方程,推导得出了紊动能转化率kt,表达式以及泥沙悬浮效率系数es表达式。通过应用室内水槽平衡输沙试验实测数据,分析了紊动能转化率kt与有效雷诺数Rem之间关系,并探讨了紊动能转化率kt、泥沙悬浮效率系数es和泥沙悬浮功Es等表述能量的三大特征值随含沙浓度的变化规律,得出了在高含沙水流(Sv≥0.15)情况下kt、es和Es三者均随着含沙量的增加而呈现减小的变化规律,表明泥沙含量的增加不会给水流增加额外的能量负担,高含沙水流这种特有的紊动能量转化与耗散规律,为黄河具有“多来多排”的输沙特性找到一定的理论依据。Base on the equilibrium equation of turbulent energy for sediment laden flow, the expression of turbulent energy transferring rate kt and the suspension efficiency coefficient es of sediment suspension motion were deduced theoretically. The relationship between kt and effective Reynolds number Rem was analyzed according to the data obtained from laboratory test and the variation law of the characteristics of kt, es and suspension power Es following the changes of suspension concentration were further investigated. It is found that these parameters decrease as the concentration increase if hyperconcentrated flow happened（volume concentration Sv ≥ 0.15）. It means the increase of the concentration Sv will not add additional energy burden to the water flow motion. These laws of turbulent energy transfer and dissipation help to explain the characteristic ＂the more will be transported if more sediment will come＂ of hyerconcentrated flow in the Yellow River.

关 键 词：高含沙水流 紊动能量 泥沙悬浮功 紊动能转化率 泥沙悬浮效率系数 

分 类 号：TV143.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]