肥胖儿童平地自然行走时的步态研究  

Biomechanical Study on Gait of Obese Children

作　　者：闫松华[1] 谢楠[1] 刘志成[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学生物医学工程学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2007年第3期286-290,共5页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

摘　　要：目的:比较肥胖儿童和正常儿童平地自然行走时的步态,探讨肥胖对儿童步态带来的影响,并为其提供科学量化的理论参考依据。方法:以8名肥胖儿童(年龄10.8±1.1岁,BMI27.8±4.0)和8名正常儿童(年龄10.1±1.9岁,BMI15.2±1.6)为对象,采用二维常速摄像和footscan○RUSB平板测试系统相结合,对两组对象平地自然行走时的步态进行比较分析。结果:(1)肥胖儿童步态的时间和空间参数与正常儿童相比,其步速慢、步长短、支撑期和双支撑期所占时间比例大;(2)肥胖儿童和正常儿童的膝关节角度和踝关节角度参数均在正常范围内,且在步态周期中变化趋势一致,只是在某一特定时刻(足尖离地时刻,TO)两者的膝关节角度有差异;(3)肥胖儿童第3、4跖骨和足跟外侧受力较大,且足跟部及第3～5跖骨处压力峰值出现有时间上的延迟,足后部和足中部压力中心冲量相对较大。结论:肥胖儿童步行过程中稳定性较差;行走效率较低;易产生扁平足或关节损伤。Objective To investigate the gait of the obese children walking on the flat ground with normal speed. Methods Eight obese children （aged 10.8 ± 1.1 yr with BMI of 27.8 ± 4.0） and eight normal children （aged 10.1± 1.9 yr with BMI of 15.2 ± 1.6） were enrolled in this study. Two - dimensional digital video camera and footscan USB system were employed. The data from obese and normal children were compared. Results 1. As compared with the normal children, the obese children had slower stride speed, shorter stride length, longer support phase and double support phase. 2. The knee and ankle angle of all subjects were normal and changed with the identical trend during walking. Differences of the knee angle existed between the normal children and the obese children only at the special moment （toe- off, TO）.3. In the obese children, the third metatarsal, fourth metatarsal and lateral heel suffered greater force, the appearance of the peak pressure on the heel and third to fifth metatarsals delayed. However, the impulses of the center of pressure on the rear foot and mid foot were relatively greater. Conclusions 1. The walking stability of the obese children is weaker than of normal children. 2. The walking efficiency of obese children is lower than of normal children. 3. The obese children are vulnerable to joint injury and may have a higher rate of flat foot.

关 键 词：肥胖儿童 步态 平地自然行走 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]