非含氟型磺化聚合物质子交换膜材料的研究进展(下)  

Recent Progress in the Development of Sulfonated Hydrocarbon Polymers for Fuel Cell Application(Ⅱ)

作　　者：高鹏[1] 郭晓霞[1] 徐宏杰[1] 房建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240

出　　处：《高分子通报》2007年第5期12-22,共11页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号50373026;20474037)

摘　　要：概述了近十年来非含氟型磺化聚合物质子交换膜材料的研究进展,包括各种材料的制备和性质,详细地讨论了材料的化学结构、形态与其性能(质子导电率、耐水性、尺寸稳定性、吸水率、抗自由基氧化性、甲醇透过率等)之间的关系,其中结合作者在磺化聚酰亚胺方面的研究工作,重点对这类材料进行了系统、深入的介绍和讨论。最后,本文还对今后燃料电池用质子交换膜材料的研究提出了一些设想和展望。本文分为上下两篇,其中下篇主要综述了非含氟型磺化聚合物的性能与结构形态之间的关系。This article reviews recent progress in the development of sulfonated hydrocarbon polymers as electrolyte membrane materials for fuel cell application. The relationship between polymer structure and the proton conductivity and water stability was discussed in detail. Sulfonated polymer membranes with high ion exchange capacities （IECs） generally have high proton conductivities at high relative humidities （ 〉 80% ） but often suffer from their poor water stability because of over-swelling of the membranes. Some sulfonated polyimides and other sulfonated polymers with both high proton conductivity and water stability have been successfully developed and these membranes showed better fuel cell performance than the widely used sulfonated perfluoropolymer Nation. However, there is still a common problem associated with all the sulfonated hydrocarbon polymers developed so far that their proton conductivities are too low （much smaller than 0.01 S· cm^-1） at low relative humidities （ 〈 30% ） and this needs to be solved to meet the requirement for practical use. In addition, membrane stability including water stability and radical oxidative stability at high temperature is also needed to be further improved for medium temperature （ 150-200 ℃ ） fuel cen application.

关 键 词：燃料电池 质子交换膜 磺化聚合物 合成 质子导电率 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]