秸秆覆盖条件下冬小麦棵间蒸发规律研究  

Study on the soil evaporation of winter wheat under different straw mulching

作　　者：于稀水[1] 廖允成[1] 袁泉[2] 温晓霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2007年第3期58-61,共4页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671227;30300213;30070439);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD15B06);陕西省自然科学基金(2006C104;2005C105);陕西省农业科技攻关(2005K01-G17-02);西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干支持计划"

摘　　要：在大田条件下,研究分析多覆盖（覆盖量6 000 kg/hm^2）,少覆盖（覆盖量3 000 kg/hm^2）和不覆盖处理对冬小麦棵间蒸发的影响,结果表明：冬小麦逐日棵间蒸发表现为10月中旬、3月下旬和6月上旬较大,多覆盖、少覆盖和对照三个处理逐日变化量和逐日累计量有相同变化趋势;三个处理日均棵间最大蒸发量均出现在灌浆-成熟期、最小值出现在越冬-返青期;覆盖处理对对照抑制率都是在播种-分蘖期最大,越冬-返青期最小;覆盖处理中,多覆盖抑蒸效果最好。An field experiment was carried out on cultivated loessial soil, study the effect of heavy straw mulching（6000 kg/hm^2）, light straw mulching（3000 kg/hm^2） and no straw mulching on the soil evaporation of winter wheat. The results showed that daily variations of soil evaporation in winter wheat were more in the first ten days of October 2005, the last ten day of March and the middle ten days of June 2006 than other stages. The trend of daily variations and daily cumulative of soil evaporation were the same in all treatments. The most soil evaporation of non-mulching, heavy mulching and light mulching all appeared from grain-filling to maturity, and the least soil evaporation of all treatments appeared from over-winter to recovering. The inhibition efficiency of soil evaporation between mulched treatment and non-mulching from seeding to tillering was the highest, and that from over-winter to recovering was the lowest. The effect of inhibition efficiency of soil evaporation under heavy mulching was the best.

关 键 词：秸秆覆盖 冬小麦 棵间蒸发 抑蒸率 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]