氮素调控对水稻子粒相对充实度的影响及子粒相对充实度与产量形成和品质的关系  

Effects of Nitrogen Regulation on Grain Relative Plumpness of Rice and Relationship between Grain Relative Plumpness and Yield and Grain Quality

作　　者：赵全志[1] 殷春渊[1] 宁慧峰[1] 陈静蕊[1] 乔江方[1] 刘辉[1] 杨海霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学河南省作物生长发育调控重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2007年第2期128-133,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471018);河南省杰出青年科学基金项目(0512001900);河南省重点科技攻关项目(0523041300)

摘　　要：以大穗型粳稻品种豫粳6号为材料，在幼穗分化期施用不同量的氮肥，研究了子粒灌浆速率、充实度和相对充实度的动态，探讨了子粒相对充实度的氯素调控及其与产量构成因素和品质的关系．结果表明，在开始灌浆的5～10d，强势粒的子粒灌浆速率明显高于弱势粒，平均比弱势粒高137．6％，花后lO～20d，强势粒平均灌浆速率较弱势粒高80．28％，而弱势粒在花后25d以后的灌浆速率平均较强势粒高117．2％、不同氯素处理间的子粒充实度和粒重差异显著．子粒相对充实度在整个灌浆期内呈先降后升的偏“V”型动态曲线．灌浆中后期的子粒相对充实度与结实率、千粒重和弱势粒的充实度、充实指数均呈显著或极显著的正相关，与强、弱势粒的垩白粒率、垩白度呈显著或极显著的负相关，与弱势粒的糙米率呈极显著的正相关、The field experiment was conducted in 2005--2006 to research the dynamic changes of grain filling rate, grain plumpness, relative plumpness and their relationship with grain yield and grain quality using the rice cultivar of Yujing No. 6 with different nitrogen fertilizer application amount at late growing stage. The result indicated that the superior-grain filling rate was 137.6 % and 80.28% higher than that of inferior-grain at early grain-filling stage （5 - 10 days and 10 -20 days after heading） respectively, and the filling rate of inferior-grain was 117.2% higher than that of superior-grain at latefilling stage （25 days after heading）. There existed significant difference in grain plumpness and grain weight between different nitrogen treatments. The grain relative plumpness reduced rapidly at 5 - 10 day and rose slowly at 15 - 35 days after heading. There were significant positive correlation at r =0.05 or r =0.01 between grain relative plumpness and seed setting percentage, 1 000-grain weight, inferior grain plumpness and filling-index, significant negative correlation at r = 0.05 or r = 0.01 between grain relative plumpness and imperfect grain percentage of inferior, chalky percentage and chalkiness at 25 -35 days after heading, and significant positive correlation between the grain relative plumpness and brown rice percentage of inferior-grain.

关 键 词：水稻 相对充实度 产量 稻米品质 氮素调控 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]