湿式制动器的制动过程和摩擦温度场的研究  

BRAKE PROCESS AND FRICTION TEMPERATURE FIELD OF WET DISC BRAKE

作　　者：张文明[1] 申炎华[1] 张卫钢[1] 马飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学

出　　处：《有色金属》1997年第1期14-19,共6页Nonferrous Metals

摘　　要：根据制动试验台的试验数据给出了湿式制动器制动过程的力学描述，建立了力矩方程、运动方程和功率方程。通过对制动过程的分析提出了摩擦片热传导的物理模型并根据模型建立了求解摩擦温度场的微分方程。摩擦片的损坏主要是由表面温度的最大值过高引起的。计算结果表明，表面温度不仅与材料的热物理性能参数有关，而且与制动器的结构和制动过程有关。增加摩擦片的厚度可以加大热容量，降低表面温度的最大值。而增加摩擦片片数，即增加实际接触面积对降低表面温度的最大值作用更明显。延长制动时间不能降低表面温度的最大值。因此，制动器设计中应尽可能增加摩擦片接触面积，选择合理的摩擦片厚度。本文的结论也适用于湿式离合器。Wet friction material posses high performance of friction and wet disc brake features stable braking,simple maintenance and long service life.This paper provides the mechanical description of braking process according to the off-line test result,founds the brake torque equation,the angular motion equation and the friction power equation.By means of analyzing on brake process,the paper provides the physical model of heat transfer of discs,and in accordance with the model founds the differential equation that is used to find the solution of temperaturefield of discs,then find the solution of the differential equation with Fourier transformation.Compared with numerical solution,analytical solution can analyze the effect of every element that affect the temperature field and provide basis for design.The calculating solution shows that the surface temperature of discs comes up to maximun before the end of brake process and comes down from then,but centre temperature comes up to maximum after the end of brake process,surface and centre both reach unanimity finally.The disc is damaged mainly because of the higher surface terperature.The surface temperature is not only related to the heat physical performance parameter of disc material but also the design of brake.Increasing the thickness of disc can increase caloricity,thus can lower surface temperature,but the more of thickness increase,the less of its effect.Increasing friction area is of great use.Prolonging brake time can not lower surface temperature.Therefore,it is necessary to increase friction area and make suitable thickness of discs in design.The conclusion of this paper is also applied to wet disc clutch.

关 键 词：湿式制动器 制动过程 摩擦温度场 制动器 

分 类 号：TH134[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]