南黄海冬季自由生活海洋线虫群落结构的研究  

THE MARINE NEMATODES COMMUNITY IN WINTER SOUTHERN YELLOW SEA

作　　者：黄勇[1] 张志南[1] 刘晓收[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2007年第3期199-205,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家973项目资助课题;G19990437号。

摘　　要：采用现场调查和室内分析方法,对2003年1月南黄海鳀鱼越冬场调查航次中22个站位所取得的小型底栖生物沉积物样品进行了分析研究。结果表明,自由生活海洋线虫是最优势类群,占整个小型底栖生物总丰度的87.1%。不同站位线虫的丰度从每10cm2505条到1272条不等[平均(831±247)×10-1ind/cm2]。其中80.1%的线虫分布在表层(0-2cm)沉积物中。共鉴定出线虫223种或分类实体,隶属于145属、32科、4目,主要优势种是Dorylaimopsis rabalaisi、Terschellingia longicaudata、Sphaerolaimus balticus、Quadricoma scanica、Paramonohystera riemanni、Vasostoma spiratum和Promonhystera faber等。营养结构中沉积食性者(1A+1B)占优势;线虫群落中幼龄个体一般占到线虫群落个体总数的60%以上;雌雄比例平均为1︰0.79。分析检验显示研究站位冬季线虫的种类组成应属于一个群落,两个亚群落,总体上属于潮下带泥质生境冷水性群落。相关分析表明线虫丰度与水温和盐度显著相关;种类组成和多样性与Chl-a和Pha-a显著相关。线虫的丰度和生物量均与Chl-a的含量显著相关;线虫的种类数与有机质含量、含砂量呈显著相关,与Chl-a和Chl-a+Pha-a极显著相关。Meiobenthos were sampled at 22 stations in a cruise for studying the winter fishery ground of anchovy in southern Yellow Sea （from 32° 29.35＇ N to 37°0.56＇ N, 122° 0.37＇ E to 125° 1.16＇ E）, China in January 2003, where 87.1% of meiofauna species were nematodes in average abundance of （831 ± 247）×10^-1 ind/cm^2. A total of 80.1% of nematode numbers were in the top layer of 0-2cm sediment. 223 species or taxa of marine nematodes belonging to 145 genera, 32 families and 4 orders were identified for the first time in the region. The most dominant species were Dorylaimopsis rabalaisi, Terschellingia longicaudata, Sphaerolaimus balticus, Quadricoma scanica, Paramonohystera riemanni, Vasostoma spiratum and Promonhystera faber. Non-selective deposit feeders and selective deposit feeders occupied 45.7%. The analysis of 2630 individuals randomly selected from 6 stations show that the age structure of nematodes was roughly in balance, and the reproduction could occur even in the winter. MDS （Multi-Dimensional Scaling） analysis showed that the community structures at different stations were similar to each other, being a cold-water community in muddy subtidal zone. The abundance and species were positively related strongly to water temperature and salinity, as well as to organic matter and sand contents, and so was between the diversity and Chl-α ＆ Pha-α concentrations.

关 键 词：海洋线虫 底栖生态 群落结构 南黄海 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]