荒漠区固沙植物梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)耗水特征  

Water consumption characteristic of Haloxylon ammodendron for sand binding in desert area

作　　者：常学向[1] 赵文智[1] 张智慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所寒旱区流域水文及应用生态实验室临泽内陆河流域研究站,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第5期1826-1837,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目(40571026);甘肃省基金资助项目(3ZS061A25020);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划资助项目(O628221001)~~

摘　　要：利用SF-300热脉冲树干液流仪,连续观测了生长季节荒漠区固沙植物梭梭树干液流速率,研究了荒漠区固沙植物梭梭林木的耗水量及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明:在生长季节,梭梭树干液流速率昼夜变化小;不同的生长日,梭梭树干液流速率介于(5.9±0.7)～(14.5±3.6)gcm-2h-1;观测期间,梭梭平均日耗水量为(0.3±0.2)mm,生长季节单株木耗水量达49·4mm。树干液流速率对气象因子均有一定程度的响应,且在不同时间的影响程度不同。日耗水量与林冠投影面积、基径、基径的平方乘以树高的积、边材厚度和边材面积呈线性关系。Owing to the result of adaption to drought, salinity, poor nutrition, strong wind, sand movement and high light intensity, Haloxylon ammodendron have traditionally been planted to break wind and fix sand against dust storm menace and sand movement for maintaining oasis ecological environment balance and economic sustainable development in arid region of Northwest China. Especially, H. ammodendron have been a significant species to planted wind break and sand fixation forest in Hexi corridor, arid region of Northwest China. Sand-fixation forest is 4.46 × 104 hm^2 in the middle Reaches of Heihe River Basin and H. ammodendron forest cover an area of 70%. In arid area where the precipitation is 100 to 200mm, H. ammodendron growth depend highly on the precipitation or （and） groundwater. To explore water consumption in artificial H. ammodendron forests, individual H. ammodendron sap flow was measured by heat pulse technology （ SF300, Greenspan technology Pty Ltd, Australian）. The result can help to providing scientific basis for arid-forestation and integrating evaluation for management. H. ammodendron forest selected as sampling plots was planted at Pinchuan town in Linze county, Gansu province in 1980. The initial planted density is 5000 -6000 individual hm^-2 and the existing density is 1600 individual hm^-2. During the experiment, 8 standard samples of H. ammodendron were selected according to different size basal stem class. The measured periods are from May 21 to June 1, June 21 to July 1, July 21 to Aug. 1, and Aug. 21 to Sept. 1. The sap flow was measured by using heat pulses lasting 1.6 seconds every 30 minutes. Soil moisture content was measured every 10 days from 10 May to 1 Sept.. Climatic data were measured by EERIL3 （IMKO, German） include short-wave incoming radiation （CM7B, Kipp＆ Zonen, Delft, Netherlands）, air temperature and relative humidity （HMP45D, Vaisala, Vantaa, Finland）, and wind-speed （RS2 rotronic AG, Bassersdrof, Switzerland）. Short-wave radiation, air temperature,

关 键 词：树干液流 耗水量 气象因子 土壤湿度 梭梭 荒漠区 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]