基于公里格网的中国人地关系紧张度定量模拟  

Modeling man-land tensity of China based on 1km grid data

作　　者：王黎明[1] 张少辉[1] 张大泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理研究》2007年第3期425-432,I0001-I0002,共10页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"资源价值化区域响应机理与对策"(49971029);国家自然科学基金重点项目"空间组织与空间效率的基础理论研究"(40635026);国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2004-BA608B-02-02);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新工程主干科学计划课题"区域可持续发展时空数据集成与数值模拟平台"

摘　　要：人地关系紧张度是定量描述人类社会经济活动压力超过自然地理环境承载力所导致的人地关系紧张程度的量值。借鉴生态足迹模型的思想,分别从消费和生产角度对人类活动压力状况进行分析,构建人类活动压力模型;同时借鉴土地承载力模型概念,通过均衡因子、生产因子对自然承载力进行标准化处理,并通过城市、交通等人文要素对其进行修正,构建环境承载力模型;然后结合环境承载力及人类活动压力分析,建立基于公里格网数据平台的中国人地关系紧张度综合分析模型,实现在比行政单元尺度小的空间粒度水平上对中国人地关系空间差异状况进行定量模拟。Man-land tensity, a value that quantitatively indicates the tension between human activity and physical environment, can be calculated by function with human pressure on the physical environment and environment carrying capacity to the human activity. A man-land tensity model is put forward in this paper through three steps. Firstly, the Environment Carrying Capacity Model （EC） is built by using the idea of Land Carrying Capacity Model and Ecological Footprint Model for reference. EC comes from the physical capacity normalized by Equivalence Factor and Yield Factor, and modified by human factors of city distribution and transport network density. Secondly, integrating production and consumption, the Human Activity Pressure Model （MP） is set up with 1 km population and GDP data. Thirdly, the Man-Land Tensity Model （MLT） is constructed based on EC and MP at lkm grid data platform. Compared with the previous research based on administrative region, lkm grid is smaller on grain size and it can present the more detailed areal differentiation. The result shows that, the high-value of man-land tensity has a spot-shaped or belt-shaped distribution at cities or their suburbs or along the main economic axes, where the human activity is intense. The highest value area appears in the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region. The mid- dle-value zones are distributed in North China Plain, the Two-Lake Plain （in Central China）, Sichuan Basin,etc. The ecological environment is fragile in West China, where the human activity exists mainly in cities and the farming-pastoral zones, and here are distributed the high-value zones of man-land tensity.

关 键 词：人地系统 环境承载力 人地关系紧张度 公里格网 

分 类 号：P90[天文地球—自然地理学]