改性蒙脱土增强PVC木塑复合材料的研究  

Properties of Montmorillonite Modified PVC/Wood Flour Composites

作　　者：赵永生[1,2] 王克俭[1] 赵金平 刘素梅 蒋洋 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学塑料机械及塑料工程研究所,北京100029 [2]北新建材集团有限公司,北京100096

出　　处：《中国塑料》2007年第5期47-52,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：北京化工大学青年教师科研基金项目（QN0612）

摘　　要：采用钛酸酯偶联剂改性木粉（TTWF）制备了PVC／TTWF木塑复合材料，PVC/TTWF体系中进一步加入适量改性插层蒙脱土（OMMT），通过熔融共混挤出制备了PVC／TTWF／OMMT纳米复合材料，并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、场发射扫描电镜等手段进行了表征和分析。结果表明，TTMF改善了PVC木塑复合材料的力学性能，当钛酸酯偶联剂含量为1．5％（质量分数，下同）时，复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了10．5％和6．0％；在此基础上适量加入OMMT（0．5％）进一步改善了复合材料的力学性能，其中拉伸强度、冲击强度和弯曲强度分别提高了10．2％、2．3％和16．5％。Intercalated montmorillonite （OMMT） and wood flour （WF） were surface-modified by titanate coupling agent Ti-14. They were melt-blended with PVC via extrusion to form an OMMT/ TTWF/PVC wood-plastics composite. The effects of their contents on the mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. XRD and TEM were used to observe the OMMT intercalation and dispersion. The composite microstructure was shown by SEM. FTIR and XPS were used to analyze the titanate modification effects. The hydroxyl group on the wood flour and OMMT reacted with coupling agent to form complex compound on their interfaces. The coupling agent could also form phosphor hydrogen compounds coupling the inorganic with PVC. The compounds embedded in the pseudo-crosslinks of cellulose and PVC gel forming hydrogen and other covalent bonds. The enhanced interfaces reinforced the composites. Addition of 1.5 wt% Ti-14 into the composite improved its tensile strength and flexural strength by 10.5 % and 6.0 %, respectively. Inclusion of additional 0.5 wt% OMMT further improved its strengths. Excessive OMMT was aggregated and thus decreased the mechanical properties.

关 键 词：木塑复合材料 钛酸酯 插层蒙脱土 聚氯乙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]