不同施氮时期对冬小麦根系衰老的影响  

Effect of Different Application Stage of Nitrogen on Root Senescence in Winter Wheat

作　　者：姜东[1] 于振文[1] 苏波 许玉敏[1] 余松烈[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学系,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》1997年第2期181-190,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用温室盆栽和田间土柱栽培的方法研究了不同施氮时期对冬小麦根系衰老的影响。结果表明,冬小麦根系从开花后14天开始加速衰老,与籽粒灌浆速率高峰期相对应。20～40cm和40～100cm土层根衰老迟于0～20cm土层根。根系衰老与旗叶衰老、及与籽粒灌浆速率密切相关。20～40cm和40～100cm土层中的根对旗叶衰老有较大影响;在籽粒形成期,0～20cm土层根对粒重形成的作用大,到灌浆期,20～40cm和40～60cm土层根对粒重形成起重要作用。鲁215953和鲁麦14品种分别于拔节期和挑旗期追施氮肥,可延缓小麦根系的衰老,提高籽粒灌浆速率,增加粒重和产量。The effects of different application stage of nitrogen on root senescence in winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)were studied by combination experiments of pot culture and soil column culture. The results showed that starting from 14 days after anthesis, root senescence of winter wheat was accelerated, corresponding with the peak stage of grain filling rate. The stage of root senescence at the 20-40 cm and 40-100 cm soil layers was later than that at the 0-20 cm soil layer. There was a close correlation among root senescence and flag leaf senescence and grain filling rate. The effect of the physilogical characters of the root system at the 20-40 cm and 40-100 cm soil layers on flag leaf senescence was greater than that at the 0-20 cm soil layer. Root at the 0-20 cm soil layer had more important effect on grain formation, while the root system at the 20-40 cm and 40-100 cm soil layers had more important effect on grain filling. By application of nitrogen at the jointing stage and booting stage respectively, the root senescence of cultivar Lu 215953 and Lumai 14 was delayed and the grain filling rate was improved and the grain weight and yield was increased.

关 键 词：冬小麦 根系 衰老 氮肥 施肥期 

分 类 号：S512.106.2[农业科学—作物学]