被子植物受精作用的分子和细胞生物学机制  

Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Fertilization in Angiosperms

作　　者：彭雄波[1] 孙蒙祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《植物学通报》2007年第3期355-371,共17页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.90408002和30521004);教育部"长江学者和创新团队发展计划"

摘　　要：被子植物双受精包括精-卵、精子-中央细胞两个融合过程。由于双受精深藏于母体组织中进行,长期以来一直是植物有性生殖研究中的难点。近年来,随着各种植物配子体cDNA文库的构建,各种离体研究系统的建立和突变体分析的兴起,极大地推动了被子植物受精作用研究的快速发展,增进了人们对被子植物受精过程的分子和细胞生物学机制的深入了解。本文着重讨论受精作用的若干重要发育事件,包括受精前卵器细胞对花粉管向胚珠定向生长的近距离引导信号,精子的靶向运动,精、卵细胞相互作用和配子融合后卵细胞的激活与中央细胞发育的启动等。The double fertilization characteristic of angiosperms involves two separate fusion events. The process occurs deep within maternal tissues, and therefore, has been a particularly difficult field in the study of sexual plant reproduction. In recent years, the successful construction of cDNA libraries of gametes in several species, the development of in vitro experimental systems, and the application of new molecular and genetic approaches have thrown new light on the field for deeper insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the fertilization process. In the present review, we focus on some of the recent advances and some key developmental events revealed in the fertilization process, including the role of the egg apparatus in guiding pollen tube orientation, sperm cell movement to their targeting cells, interaction between gametes, egg cell activation, and onset of embryogenesis and endosperm development.

关 键 词：被子植物 双受精 卵细胞 胚乳 

分 类 号：Q945.5[生物学—植物学]