大叶补血草的大、小孢子发生与雌、雄配子体的发育  

Megasporogenesis, Microsporogenesis and the Development of the Female and Male Gametophyte of Limonium gmelinii

作　　者：周玲玲[1] 李伟[1] 刘萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子大学生命科学学院,石河子832003 [2]新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所,石河子832003

出　　处：《植物研究》2007年第4期402-407,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期研究专项基金资助项目(2002CCA02800);石河子大学自然科学与技术创新项目资助(200506)

摘　　要：系统地报道了大叶补血草(Limonium gmelinii(Willd.) Kuntze)的大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体的形成发育过程。主要结果如下:(1)小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中的胞质分裂为同时型,四分孢子多为正四面体形,也有少数为左右对称形;(2)成熟花粉为三细胞型,具3个萌发孔;(3)花药壁由5层细胞组成,最外层为表皮,其内分别为药室内壁、中层、绒毡层,绒毡层为变形型,花药壁的发育属于基本型;(4)大叶补血草的雌蕊由5心皮合生,子房1室,基生胎座,胚珠1个,拳卷型,双珠被,厚珠心;(5)孢原细胞发生于珠心表皮下,经一次平周分裂,形成造孢细胞,由造孢细胞直接发育成大孢子母细胞,大孢子母细胞减数分裂形成4个大孢子呈直线排列,合点端大孢子具功能,属于典型的蓼型胚囊发育。The megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis and formation of female gametophyte and male gametophyte of Limonium gmelinii were reported in this paper. The main results can be concluded as follows ： （ 1 ） The microspore mother cell underwent meiosis before it turned into microspore tetrad. Its cytokinesis was simultaneous type, tetrads were mostly tetrahedral, less frequently isobilateral. （2）The mature pollen grains was of the 3-celled type and each had throe germ pores. （3） The anther wall were composed of five layers cell, They were epidermis, endothecium, middle layer （two layers） and tapetum respectively, It belonged to basic type, and the tapetum was amoeboid type. （4）The pistil was composed of five carpels, the ovary was coadnate, basal placenta, having only one circinotropous ovule, the ovule was crassinucellate and had two layers of integument; （5）The archesporial cell came from the nucellar cells under the nucellar epidermis and formed the sporogenous cell after a periclinal division, then the sporogenous cell developed into the megaspore mother cell directly, then the megaspore mother cell underwent meiosis and gave rise to a linear tetrad of megaspore, the chalazal megaspore was functional and developed into mature embryo sac. The development pattern of female gametophyte was of the Polygonum type.

关 键 词：大孢子发生 小孢子发生 雄配子体 雌配子体 大叶补血草 

分 类 号：Q944.45[生物学—植物学]