应用等速测力系统分析足球运动员髋、膝关节屈伸等速向心工作的生物力学特征  

Biomechanical analysis of the isokinetic concentric contraction of hip and knee joints of system trained football players using equal speed force measuring system

作　　者：吴翊馨[1] 张海平[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院,辽宁省沈阳市110032

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第5期886-888,892,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:通过对系统训练的足球运动员进行双下肢髋、膝关节屈伸等速向心力量测试,分析其髋、膝关节在不同速度下屈伸的力学特征规律与不同。方法:实验于2002-10在黑龙江体科所机能实验室进行。以沈阳体育学院男子足球院队8名系统训练的队员为观察对象,采用美国Cybex-Norm等速测力系统对运动员进行双下肢髋、膝关节屈伸等速向心力量测试。测试时,受试者以最大的努力去完成每次测试动作,每个动作连续完成4次测量,速度分别设定为60,120,180,240,300,360,420,480(°)/s,选取峰力矩进行生物力学分析。结果:8名受试者均进入结果分析。①髋关节:60～480(°)/s的屈峰力矩(右侧)介于(179.00±15.61)N·m和(68.13±15.50)N·m之间,60～480(°)/s伸峰力矩(右侧)介于(265.75±44.56)N·m和(45.88±22.92)N·m。随测试速度的增加,屈伸峰力矩均有逐渐减小的趋势,左右侧比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。屈伸峰力矩比随测试速度的增加,有增加的趋势,中低速以下,递增幅度较小,中高速以上递增幅度较大。②膝关节:60～480(°)/s的屈峰力矩(左侧)介于(115.38±18.60)N·m和(25.38±16.68)N·m之间,60～480(°)/s伸峰力矩介于(242.13±40.50)N·m和(49.50±18.39)N·m之间;各项指标数值均呈减小趋势。屈伸力矩比左右两侧没有明显差异(P>0.05),均随测试速度增加,变化幅度不大,屈肌力量明显低于伸肌力量。结论:①足球运动员髋、膝关节屈伸肌肉的向心收缩力随收缩速度的增加而减少。②随着运动速度的增加,足球运动对髋关节的屈肌力量的要求逐渐加大,也反映运动员在快速用力时髋关节屈肌具有很大的收缩潜能。③足球运动员膝关节随着运动速度增加,屈肌力量明显低于伸肌力量。AIM： Based on the isokinetic contractive power test of both lower limbs hip and knee joints＇ bends and stretches of football players with systemic training, to analyze the mechanical characteristics and rules, as well as the differences in their hipbone and knee joints＇ bends and stretches at different speeds. METHODS： The experiment was conducted in the functional laboratory of Heilongjiang Academy of Physical Science in October 2002. Eight male football athletes under systemic training were selected from the Male Football Team of Shenyang Institute of Physical Education as subjects, whose isokinetic contractive power of both lower limbs hip and knee joints＇ bends and stretches was tested with the aid of Cybex-Norm equal speed force measuring system （U.S）. During the test, the subjects were asked to complete every action with the best effort, and measured after each, action completed 4 times continuously, and the speed was set to 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480 （°）/s. Peak torque was used for biomechanical analysis. RESULTS： All the 8 subjects were involved in the result analysis. （1）Hip joint： The bend peak torque （right） at 60-480 （°） per second was between （179.00（15.61） N·m and （68.13±15.50） N·m; at 60-480 （°） Is, the stretch peak torque was between （265.75±44.56） and （45.88±22.92） N·m. Both peak torques were gradually reduced with the increase of testing speed, and there were no significant differences between the left and right sides （P 〉 0.05）. The ratio of bend and stretch torque assumed decreasing tendency with the increase of testing speed; the increase extent was slight at moderate and low speeds, and turned to larger at moderate and high or above speeds. （2）Knee joint： The bend peak torque （left） at 60-480 （°）/s was between （115.38±18.60） N·m and （25.38±16.68） N·m; at 60-480 （°） Is, the stretch peak torque was between （242.13±40.50） and （49.50±18.39） N.m. Both peak torques were g

关 键 词：髋关节 膝关节、等速向心收缩 生物力学分析 

分 类 号：R318.1[医药卫生—生物医学工程]