纳米黏土和聚氨酯的表面性质与其复合材料微观结构的关系  

Correlation of the structure of clay filled polyurethane with surface properties

作　　者：屈小红[1] 马晓燕[1] 陈芳[1] 黄韵[1] 张启路[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学理学院应用化学系

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2007年第3期13-17,共5页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20674062);陕西省自然科学基金(2005B23)

摘　　要：累托石的表面性质直接影响其在聚合物中的分散性,进而对其复合材料的结构与性能有很大的影响。通过反气相色谱法,采用非极性和极性探针研究累托石(REC),十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵处理的累托石(12-OREC)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵处理的累托石(16-OREC)以及聚氨酯(TPU)的表面色散能和表面酸碱性,分析了REC,12-OREC,16-OREC和TPU的表面性质与其复合材料微观结构的关系。结果发现:REC表面色散能较高,表面酸性较强,在TPU基体中的分散性较差;改性后的12-OREC、16-OREC色散能明显降低,且表面呈一定碱性,在TPU中的分散性明显改善;12-OREC与TPU的色散能较接近,酸碱作用参数较匹配,在TPU基体中的分散性更优。The surface properties of rectorite（REC） directly affect the dispersion of rectorite in the polymer matrix and make a great contribution to the structure and mechanical properties of composite materials. The inverse gas chromatography （IGC） was used to investigate the dispersive component of the surface energy （γ^d s）and the surface acid-base properties of the native rectorite , organic-modified rectorite with dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium bromide （ 12- OREC）, organic- modified rectorite with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （ 16- OREC） and thermoplastic polyurethane（TPU） with non-polar and polar probes. The correlation of the surface properties of REC and TPU with the structure of the composites was analyzed. The results indicate that the modification of REC lowers its surface energy and changes the surface from being acidic to being predominantly basic and hence improving the dispersibility of 12-OREC and 16-OREC in TPU; 12-OREC can achieve the best dispersibility in TPU, because the dispersive energy and acid-base property are most comparable with those of the polymer matrix.

关 键 词：复合材料 表面性质 反气相色谱法 累托石 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]