稳态营养对湿地松容器苗Pt外生菌根形成及生长效应研究  

EFFECTS OF STEADY-STATE MINERAL NUTRITION ON Pt ECTOMYCORRHIZAE FORMATION AND GROWTH OF CONTAINER-GROWN SEEDLINGS OF SLASH PINE

作　　者：贾慧君[1] 郑槐明 花晓梅[1] 李江南[2] 万细瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心

出　　处：《林业科学》1997年第1期51-58,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：在非控制条件下，按稳态矿质营养理论与技术，对接种与不接种Ｐｔ外生菌根菌剂的湿地松芽苗，分别以０％、５．３％、６．４％、７．５％营养物相对添加速率进行施肥处理（以下简称０、５．３、６．４、７．５处理）。通过观测苗木生长、根系和菌根发育、生物量积累、以及叶片营养元素和叶绿素含量，研究湿地松芽苗Ｐｔ外生菌根形成的外界营养水平及生长效应。结果表明，Ｐｔ接种苗平均株高、地径、株干重基本上随营养物添加速率提高而提高，其中７．５处理比０处理分别提高２６．４％、５２．５％、１４０．２％。而不接种苗各项最高值却出现在６．４处理，分别仅为２１％、１６．７％、５４．１％，７．５处理生长受到抑制。说明Ｐｔ外生菌根能促进芽苗生长。７．５处理Ｐｔ接种苗中形成Ｐｔ外生菌根的占９７％，Ｐｔ指数达９５．１。同时，主根长度、一级侧根总长度均有增加，针叶Ｎ、Ｐ营养元素浓度和含量均有明显提高，单位Ｎ素利用率比不接种苗提高２．７倍。具体说明在本试验条件下，７．５处理对湿地松容器苗Ｐｔ苗根形成与发育较适宜，Ｐｔ菌根的形成又明显地促进了苗木对营养物质的吸收和利用，其单株施肥量为３９．２７ｍｇＮ、１９．６４ｍｇＫ、７．０７ｍｇＰ，Ｎ：Ｋ：Ｐ＝１：０．５：?The study aws carried out under noncontrolling conditions in FenyiCountry,Jiangxi Province(27°52′ N,114°45′ E,about 100m altitude).During the growing season in 1994, Pt inoculated and noninoculated seedlings were fertilized with the 4 different relative addition rates. i. e. 0%,5 3%,6 4%,7 5%,according to the theory of the steady state mineral nutrition. The results showed that there was a atatistic significant difference between inoculated and noninoculated seedlings in height growth, radial growth, and dry matter accumulation in the 7 5% treatment. The maximum values were found for inoculated seedlings in 7 5% treatment, which were 26 4%,52 5%,140 2% respectively higher than its control (0%). While these were only 21%,16 7%,54 1% for noninoculated seedlings in 6 4% treatment, which were inhibited in the 7 5% treatment. The seedlings inoculated with Pt in 7 5% treatment had formed Pt ectomycorrhizae amounting to 97%, Pt index up to 95 1,At the same time, the length of tqp root, the total length of first-class lateral roots, as well as N、P concentration and their contents in the needles of the seedlings in this treatment were higher than those in other treatments ,N use efficiency of the inoculated seedling in 7 5% treatment was 2 7 fold higher than that of the noninoculated seedlings in the same nutrient treatment, indicating that the 7 5% telative addition rate of mineral nutrients was suitable for ectomycorrhizae formation of container-grown slash pine seedling under this experimental conditions, which promoted the absorption and utilization of the mineral elements. The amount of fertilizer per seedling was about 39 27mg N, 19 64mg K,and 7 07mg, P, N:K:P=1:0 5:0 18.

关 键 词：湿地松 Pt外生菌根 菌根形成 稳态营养 生长 

分 类 号：S791.246[农业科学—林木遗传育种]