利用30个微卫星标记分析长江中下游鲢群体的遗传多样性  

Analysis of genetic diversity among silver carp populations in the middle and lower yangtse river using thirty microsatellite markers

作　　者：朱晓东[1,2] 耿波[1,3] 李娇[4] 孙效文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 [2]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200090 [3]吉林大学畜牧兽医学院,长春130062 [4]吉林大学畜牧兽医学院

出　　处：《遗传》2007年第6期705-713,共9页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家公益性计划资助项目(编号:2005DIB4J024)~~

摘　　要：利用30对微卫星分子标记对长江中下游5个鲢群体进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明:在30个基因座中,共检测到144个等位基因,每个座位检测到的等位基因数为1～10个,其中有25个座位具有多态性,多态位点百分率为83.33,5个群体的平均等位基因数A为4.0/4.1,平均有效等位基因数Ne为2.4445～2.6332,平均观察杂合度Ho为0.3233～0.3511,平均期望杂合度He为0.4421～0.4704,平均多态信息含量PIC为0.4068～0.4286。对数据进行F-检验,Fst值表明群体间的遗传分化程度中等,并对基因型进行了基于Hardy-Weinberg平衡的卡方检验,所得P值说明5个群体均一定程度上偏离了平衡。5个群体间的遗传相似系数为0.8466～0.9146,遗传距离为0.0893～0.1665,并根据Nei氏标准遗传距离用UPGMA方法对5个鲢群体进行亲缘关系聚类。Thirty microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of five Silver carp populations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. A total of 144 different alleles were found and the number of alleles in each locus ranged from 1 to 10. Twenty-five loci（83.33%） were polymorphic. In the five populations, the average number of alleles was 4.0 to 4.1, the number of mean valid alleles was 2.4445 to 2.6332, the value of average observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.3233 to 0.3511 and 0.4421 to 0.4704, and the mean PIC was 0.4068 to 0.4286. Fst value indicated that the populations were moderately differentiated. Chi-square test was used to analyze the genotypes based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the P value denoted that the five populations deviated equilibrium partially. The genetic similarity coefficient of the five populations was 0.8466 to 0.9146, and the genetic distance of the populations was 0.0893 to 0.1665. A UPGMA dendrogram was constructed based on Nei＇s standard genetic distance for the five Silver carp populations.

关 键 词：鲢 微卫星 野生群体 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q953[生物学—动物学]