利多卡因硬膜外麻醉和静脉注射致死的动物模型  

Establishment of a canine model of death due to epidural or intravenous administration of overdose lidocaine

作　　者：尉志文[1] 李耀芳 贠克明[1] 张楠[1] 贺文艳[1] 张小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学法医学院,山西太原030001 [2]平陆县公安局,山西平陆044300

出　　处：《中国法医学杂志》2007年第2期91-93,共3页Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：山西省科技攻关资助项目(编号051100-1);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(编号20031103)

摘　　要：目的建立利多卡因硬膜外麻醉和静脉注射致死的动物模型。方法本地杂种犬18只其中6只经硬膜外腔、6只经股静脉注射利多卡因（63.35mg/kg体重）,对照组3只经硬膜外腔、3只经股静脉按注射生理盐水（3.2ml/kg体重）。观察动物致死过程的生命体征变化及死后各组织器官的病理改变特点。结果硬膜外麻醉致死犬心电、血压和呼吸消失的平均时间分别为28 min（22～45 min）、23.6 min（20～42 min）、22 min（18～35 min）;静脉注射致死犬血压、心电和呼吸消失的平均时间分别为6.5 min（5～8min）、8 min（6～10min）、7.2 min（4～9min）;各器官病理改变均呈淤血、水肿等征象。结论该模型实验动物的表现和生命特征变化符合椎管内麻醉中毒、致死的表现,可用于利多卡因麻醉意外致死案件的法医学鉴定研究。Objective To establish a canine animal model of death by epidural or intravenous administration of overdose lidocaine. Methods 18 healthy mongrel dogs were employed. Overdose lidocaine （63.35mg/kg） was epidurally delivered through catheter in 6 dogs and intrvenously in 6 dogs respectively. The rest 6 dogs were used as control, among which 3 were given saline （3.2ml/kg） epidurally and 3 intrvenously. The vital signs incliding ECG, blood pressure and respiration were recorded continuously from adminstration of overdose lidocaine to death. Both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the organs were performed. Results Toxic signs such as dyspnea, polysialia, constricted pupils and muscular tremor, etc. occurred shortly after receiving overdose lidocaine in all the dogs. The blood pressure, ECG and respiration of the dogs were not detectable within average 28 min （22 ～45min）, 23.6 min （20 ～42 min） and 21.4 min （16 ～ 35min） respectively after epidural adminstration of overdose lidocaine, and within average 6.5 min （5 ～ 8 min）, 8 min （6 ～ 10 min） and 7.2 min （4 ～ 9 min） respectively after intravenous administration. All the organs examined revealed congestion and edema pathologically. Conclusion The manifestitions and vital sign changes of the animals are consistent to the conditions in those died of the anesthetic accidents due to overdose lidocaine adminstration, which may be useful for the medicolegal investigation of death due to intoxication of overdose lidocaine in anesthetic accident.

关 键 词：法医病理学 利多卡因 麻醉意外 硬膜外麻醉 静脉注射 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]