基于热带测雨卫星探测的东亚降水云结构特征的研究  

The Structure Characteristics of Precipitating Clouds Over the East Asia Based on TRMM Measurements

作　　者：傅云飞[1] 宇如聪[1] 崔春光[1] 徐幼平[2] 刘国胜[3] 刘勇[4] 郑媛媛[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所 [2]中科院大气物理研究所,lasg北京100029 [3]美国佛罗里达州立大学气象系,塔拉哈西323064520 [4]安徽省气象台,合肥230061

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2007年第1期9-20,共12页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：安徽省"十一五"科技攻关项目(06013140B);国家重点基础研究专项(2004CB418304);国家自然科学基金(40675027;40175015;40375018);国家自然科学基金海外杰出青年基金(40428006);青年科学基金(40605010)

摘　　要：利用热带测雨卫星的测雨雷达(TRMMPR)、微波成像仪(TMI)、可见光和红外辐射计(VIRS)、闪电成像仪(LIS)对降水云的综合探测结果,结合全球降水气候计划降水资料(GPCP)和中国气象台站雨量计观测资料,分析了东亚降水分布特点,并比较了TRMMPR与GPCP及地面雨量计观测结果的差异;揭示了中国中东部大陆、东海和南海对流降水和层云降水平均降水廓线的季节变化特征及物理意义,以及TMI高频和低频微波信号对地表降水率变化的响应特点;通过对中尺度强降水系统、锋面气旋降水系统和热对流降水系统的个例分析,探明了降水结构及其与闪电活动的关系、降水云顶部信息与地表雨强之间的关系。Based on TRMM PR, TMI, VIRS and LIS combined measurements together with GPCP data and rain gauge records in China, the structure characteristics of precipitating clouds over the East Asia are investigated, seasonal rainfall rate differences between GPCP and TRMM PR in the East Asia, between TRMM PR and rain gauge in China are compared, respectively. Furthermore, the seasonal variations of the mean vertical precipitation profiles for convective and stratiform clouds, the physical meaning of these profiles over the mid-east Mainland of China, the East China Sea and the South China Sea are analyzed. Also, the TMI microwave signals at 19.4 GHz and 85 GHz response to rainfall rate near surface are studied statistically. Finally, three meso-scale cases, a mesosacle heavy rain system, a frontal cyclone system and a thermal convective system, are investigated to expose maidenly relationship of precipitation structures, lightning activities, storm top, rainfall rate near surface.

关 键 词：热带测雨卫星 降水结构 东亚 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P458.121