新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫效果及影响因素分析  

Immunoprophylaxis efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine and its influential factors after immunological inoculation in newborns

作　　者：田茶[1] 李军[1] 韩彩芝[1] 马景臣[1] 齐顺祥[1] 郝志勇[2] 张志勇[2] 陈吉朝[2] 赵卉[2] 张艳红[2] 王锋[3] 张勇[3] 毕胜利[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021 [2]河北省正定县疾病预防控制中心 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2007年第6期678-679,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿接种乙肝疫苗群体免疫的远期效果及影响因素。方法选择河北省正定县试点乡8个自然村1~19岁儿童少年为研究对象。采用固相放射免疫（RIA）法检测血清HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc;采用EpiInfo和SAS软件进行统计处理。结果免疫后1~19岁人群HBsAg阳性率由免疫前的9.48%下降为1.46%,抗-HBc阳性率也由免疫前的33.81%降至5.94%,抗-HBs阳性率62.13%,显著高于免疫前水平。乙肝疫苗3针全程免疫组儿童HBsAg阳性率最低,为0.35%。母亲HBsAg阳性儿童乙肝疫苗免疫失败而出现HBsAg的机率是母亲HB-sAg阴性儿童的33.5倍（OR）。结论新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗接种后群体免疫效果良好,母亲HBsAg携带状况和乙肝疫苗接种史是影响乙肝疫苗免疫效果的关键因素。Objective To study the long- term efficacy of immunization of hepatitis B vaccine and its influential factors on it. Methods Children aged 1 ~ 19 years old among 8 villages were chosen for the pilot study in Zhengding County. Sera were collected for detecting HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc by solid-phase immunoassay assay. The results database were analyzed by EpiInfoand SAS software. Results The average HBsAg positive rate of children aged 1 ~ 19 years descended from 9.48 % to 1.46 % after immunity, and the anti-HBc positive rate descended from 33.81% to 5.94 %. Anti-HBs positive rate was 62.13 %, significantly higher than that before the immunization. HBsAg positive rate of the children who vaccinated the entire journey was the lowest（0.35 96 ）. HBsAg positive rate of the children whose mothers HBsAg positive was 33.5 times than that of those whose mothers HBsAg negative. Conclusion The efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine after 19 years immunization was still very excellent. The key influencing factors were the mother HBsAg carrier situation and inoculation history of hepatitis B vaccine.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 远期效果 多因素分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]