长白山区药用植物资源及其多样性研究  

Investigation of the medicinal plant resources and their diversity at Changbaishan Mountain Areas,northeastern China

作　　者：周繇[1] 于俊林[2] 张本刚[3] 徐克学[4] 

机构地区：[1]通化师范学院生物系 [2]通化师范学院药学系 [3]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学药用植物研究所 [4]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2007年第3期52-59,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中国科学院科学数据库项目;教育部科学研究重点项目(205308)

摘　　要：7年的调查研究表明,长白山区共有野生药用植物129科、481属1、063种、130变种、33变型,分别占中国药用植物科、属、种数的47.60%、22.71%、9.00%.其中珍稀濒危药用植物61种,占本区药用植物总数的5.74%;多年生草本699种,占65.76%;东北道地药材25种,占2.35%;全草类、根类和根茎类药材,分别占47.60%,19.00%和11.01%;清热药类、祛风湿药类,分别占54.00%和11.01%.93.51%的种类分布在海拔450-1 000 m的红松针阔混交林中.优势科主要有菊科、毛茛科、百合科等.优势属主要有蓼属、乌头属、委陵菜属等.提出了保护和开发利用的具体建议.Based on the investigation for seven years, the medicinal plants in Changbaishan Mountain, northeastern China were found to include 33 forms, 130 varieties and 1 063 species of plants, belonging to 481 genera and 129 families, which account for 9.00%, 22.71% and 47.60% of the respective species, genera and families of medicinal plant resources in all of China. There are 61 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants at Changbaishan Mountain, accounting for 5.74 % of the medicinal plants there. Furthermore, there are 699 species of perennial herbs, occupying 65.76 % of the plants in Changbaishan Mountain, as well as 25 species of native medicinal plants in the northeast area of the mountain, accounting for 2.35% of the medicinal plants. In this area, whole herbs, roots and rhizomes used as medicinal materials occupy 47.60%, 19.00% and 11.01% of the medicinal plants there; and antipyretic medicine and rheumatism medicine account for 54.00% and 11.01% of them, respectively. Of the total amount of species, 93.51% are distributed in Korean pine broadleaved-conifer mixed forest zones with an altitude of 450 -1 000 m. Dominant families are mainly Composiatae, Ranunculaceae, Liliaceae, etc; dominant genera are mainly Polygonum, Aconitum, Potentilla, etc. Some suggestions for protection and exploitation of the medicinal plants were put forward.

关 键 词：药用植物资源 生物多样性 长白山 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学]