大西洋牙鲆胚胎发育的形态观察  

Morphological Observations on Embryonic Development of Summer Flounder

作　　者：王波[1] 张朝晖[1] 谭萌[2] 孙丕喜[1] 薛江华 赵明[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]国家海洋局北海分局,山东青岛266033 [3]青岛市黄岛水产研究所,山东青岛265800

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2007年第2期191-199,共9页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：山东省科学技术发展计划项目--中美牙鲆繁殖调控和杂交育种研究(031070121);农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术项目--犬齿牙鲆种质与育苗技术引进(983095)

摘　　要：为了掌握大西洋牙鲆早期发育的规律，2005年2月在实验室利用显微镜和显微数码摄像显示系统观察测量拍摄大西洋牙鲆受精卵胚胎发育和初孵仔鱼的形态特征，描述并记录其发育过程和时间。大西洋牙鲆的卵为球形游离的浮性卵，卵径平均977μm，单油球，偶见2或3油球，油球径180μm。在水温19420.8℃时孵化，大约受精后50min胚盘形成，5 h30min进入囊胚期，8h后进入原肠胚期，21h左右进入胚体器官分化期，40h后尾部游离，心跳开始，胚体搐动，51～52h孵出。实验表明，大西洋牙鲆受精卵的孵化进度与水温相关。孵化时间（Ht）与水温（t／℃）关系方程为Ht=3154.8t^-1.3336（R^2=0.9254）。In order to know the regularities of early development of summer flounder, the embryonic development of fertilized eggs and the morphological characteristics of newly hatched larvae of summer flounder were recorded and measured by using microscope and digital camera system in the laboratory in Fabruary 2005, and their development process and time were described and recorded. The eggs of summer flounder are spherical, dissociated and buoyant with single oil ball （occasionally 2 or 3 oil balls）, and the average dia-meters of eggs and oil balls are 977μm and 180μm, respectively. The eggs were hatched at water temperature 19 to 20.8 ℃, the blastoderm was formed by 50 min after fertilization, the embryos entered the blastula stage by 5 h30 min, entered the gastrula stage by 8 h, entered the embryonic organ differentiation stage by 21 h, the tails were seperated, the heart beat began and the embryonic body twitched by 40 h, and the larvae were hatched by 51 to 52 h. It is shown from the experimental results that the hatch period Ht is negatively correlated with the water temperature t, and their correlation equation is Ht =3 154.8 t^-1.3336 （R^2 =0. 925 4）.

关 键 词：大西洋牙鲆 卵 初孵仔鱼 胚胎发育 形态 

分 类 号：Q132.4[生物学—普通生物学]