混合地震反演技术及其在水合物勘探中的应用  

Hybrid seismic inversion and its application in hydrate exploration.

作　　者：王秀娟[1] 吴时国[1] 余鹏[2] 徐宁[1] 董冬冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司物探研究院,山东东营257002

出　　处：《石油物探》2007年第3期278-282,301,共6页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：中国石油中青年创新基金(W060123);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-224);山东省泰山学者建设工程项目共同资助。

摘　　要：在没有钻井资料的勘探地区,人们期望能快速准确地反演出各种属性参数。虽然叠后反演简单易行,但仅能反演出波阻抗信息;而叠前反演能够提供较多的属性参数,但运算量巨大。为将叠前和叠后的优势有机地结合起来,人们提出了混合反演的方法。混合反演法的基本原理是:首先采用基因遗传算法,在叠前数据上根据勘探要求任意选择控制点进行波形反演,建立弹性模型;然后利用AVO处理方法得到P波和伪S波剖面;最后,在P波和伪S波数据体上,以弹性模型作为低频背景趋势,进行叠后约束稀疏脉冲反演,得到P波阻抗和S波阻抗剖面以及纵横波速度比、泊松比和拉梅参数等地震属性参数。利用混合反演法对我国南海北部的0101线进行了反演,得到了品质较高的多种属性剖面,并对水合物的赋存情况进行了分析。In a new exploration area,we often expect to inverse various seismic attributes quickly and exactly for reservoir prediction.Al- though the poststack inversion is simple and quite easy in opera- tion,it can only obtain the acoustic impedance.The prestack inver- sion can provide many attributes,but it has a disadvantage of large amount of calculation.In order to combine the advantages of pres- tack and poststack inversion,the hybrid seismic inversion is pro- posed,which can perform a large volume of seismic data within a reasonable time interval.The principles of hybrid seismic inversion are that 1) the genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to inverse wave- form to prestack data at arbitrary controlling points by the require- ment of exploration,and establish elastic models;2) the AVO pro- cessing is used to generate P-wave and pseudo S-wave profiles;and 3) the elastic models are used as the background trend of low-fre- quency impedance for poststack constrained sparse impulse inver- sion on P-wave and S-wave volumes,with some attributes being obtained from it,including P-wave and S-wave impedance profiles, vp/vs,and Lame's constant.In addition,the hybrid seismic inver- sion is applied to line 0101 in the northern South China Sea,getting many high-quality attribute profiles.Finally.the occurrence of gas hydrate is also discussed.

关 键 词：混合地震反演 遗传算法 约束稀疏脉冲反演 弹性模型 水合物 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]