猪血浆蛋白质多态性及其与日增重关系的研究  

STUDIES OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM TO DAILY GAIN IN THE WEIGHT OF PIGS

作　　者：江铁山[1] 柳小春[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》1997年第1期63-69,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：本研究系湖南省科委资助课题

摘　　要：以永州市畜禽良种场的５个品种（组合）猪为研究对象，采取不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法测定了５种血浆蛋白（Ｔｆ，Ａｍ，Ｈｐ，Ｐｏ，Ｐｔｆ）的多态性．计算了不同位点的基因频率、基因平均杂合度、遗传距离，并分析了蛋白质多态性与日增重的关系．研究结果表明：５种血浆蛋白都表现出不同程度的差异，各位点的等位基因和基因型分别为，Ｔｆ：ＴｆＡ，ＴｆＢ，ＴｆＣ和ＡＡ，ＢＢ，ＡＢ，ＢＣ；Ａｍ：ＡｍＡ，ＡｍＢ，ＡｍＣ和ＡＡ，ＢＢ，ＣＣ，ＡＢ，ＡＣ，ＢＣ；Ｈｐ：Ｈｐ１，Ｈｐ２，Ｈｐ３和２－２，１－２，２－３；Ｐｏ：ＰｏＡ，ＰｏＢ和ＡＡ，ＢＢ，ＡＢ；Ｐｔｆ：ＰｔｆＡ，ＰｔｆＢ和ＡＡ，ＢＢ，ＡＢ．测定的基因平均杂合度分别为：杜×长大０．４６２８，大杜×长大０．４３４２，大×长大０．３８９３，长×大０．３８０３，杜洛克０．３４１２．这５种血浆蛋白的位点，仅Ａｍ位点与日增重的效应达到显著水平（ｐ＜０．０５），进一步剖分的结果显示ＡＣ型的效应达到显著水平（ｐ＜０．０５），ＢＢ型的效应达到极显著水平（ｐ＜０．０１）．因此，Ａｍ位点的ＡＣ，ＢＢ型可望作为提高日增重的早期选择的遗传标记，ＢＢ型更优于ＡＣ型．This paper deals with the protein polymorphism,gene frequencies,average genelic heterogeneity,genetic distance and the relationship of protein polymorphism to daily gain in the weight of five combinations of pigs.The serume samples from Yongzhou Swine Breeding Farm are examined for genetic polymorphism of proteins (Tf,Am,Hp,Po,Ptf) in pigs with the method of polyacrymide gel electrophoresis.The results of gene frequencies show that there are various alleles and various genotypes,Tf:Tf A,Tf B,Tf C and AA,BB,AB,BC;Am:Am A,Am B,Am C and AA,BB,CC,AB,AC,BC;Hp:Hp 1,Hp 2,Hp 3 and 2 2,1 2,2 3;Po:Po A,Po B and AA,BB,AB;Ptf:Ptf A,Ptf B and AA,BB,AB.The results of genetic heterogeneity show:Duroc(D) 0 341 2,Landrace (L)×Yorkshire(Y) 0 380 3,Y×LY 0 389 3,YD×LY 0 434 2,D×LY 0 462 8.They agree with the results from fattening examination tested in our lab.The genetic distances among the five combinations of pigs are calculated according to the gene frequencies for the five proteins alleles.The cluster analysis show that the genetic distances of the four crossbreed combinations are far from the Duroc.The results of the relationship of protein polymorphism to daily gain in the weight show that there are significant differences in daily gain among various Amylase genotypes,AC genotype (p<0 05) and BB genotype (p<0 01).So the genotypes AC,BB of the Am allele are expected to be used as a genetic mark in the early selection for improving the daily gain,and BB is better than AC.

关 键 词：猪 多态现象 遗传标记 日增重 血浆蛋白 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]