利用富含木质素的稻草低温重组制备生物石油  

Conversion of Rice Straw Rich-in Lignin to Bio-petroleum at Low Temperature

作　　者：王超[1] 潘京学[1] 都占魁[1] 杨正宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《高分子通报》2007年第6期32-37,共6页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家973计划资助项目(2004CB719705)

摘　　要：在构成秸秆类生物质的三大天然高分子结构中,只有木质素的碳氢氧比(1∶1.3∶0.3)与天然石油的碳氢氧的比(1∶1.6∶0.05)比较接近。本文通过弱酸酸解和纤维素酶酶解对原稻草样品进行前处理,分别除去了92.5%的半纤维素和72%的纤维素,得到富含木质素(36%)的样品,然后在320℃和10MPa的条件下低温重组制备汽、柴油馏份油,即“生物石油”。与稻草低温重组制备的生物石油相比,长链烷烃的含量(32.85%)大大提高,而醛酮酸等含氧酸的含量(4.37%)大幅度降低,使油的组分更加集中于芳香类化合物和长链烷烃,从而有利于生物石油进一步的分离,制备高价值的汽、柴油产品。Among the three natural macromolecules that constitute the biomass like straws and stalks, only lignin has the mole ratio of C, H, 0 （ 1 ： 1.3 ： 0.3） closed to that of crude petroleum （ 1 ： 1.6 ： 0.05）. In this paper, rice straw was pretreated by weak acid and cellulase, 92.5 % hemicellulose and 72 % cellulose were removed. And the sample that contained 36% lignin was further reformed at low temperature （320℃, 10MPa） to obtained gasoline and diesel oil fractions, that is, ＂bio-petroleum＂. Compared with the oil obtained from rice straw, the relative content of long chain hydrocarbons were increased greatly （32.5 % ）, while the relative content of the oxygenous compounds were decreased. So, the components of the oil were concentrated on the benzene and phenolic compounds, which was favor for further separation to obtain gasoline and diesel oil products with high value.

关 键 词：天然高分子 木质素 生物石油 长链烷烃 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]