杭州市不同等级幼儿园儿童土源线虫感染状况  

Prevalence of infections with soil-borne intestinal nematodes amongst kindergarten children in Hangzhou

作　　者：叶环[1] 张丽慧 张仁 杨军[3] 马杭霖 童丽娜 丰青龙 杜庆华 叶小君 蔡莹彦 朱银芳 张启龙 颜振兴 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学杭州师范学院)医学院附属医院儿科,310015 [2]杭州师范大学医学院 [3]杭州师范大学改革与发展研究室

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2007年第6期350-352,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2006C30045)

摘　　要：目的了解杭州市不同等级幼儿园儿童常见土源线虫感染的状况,为确定重点防治对象提供依据。方法按杭州市长轴线的分布(东部-中部-西部),随机抽取甲、乙、丙不同等级幼儿园14所,调查了1667名学龄前儿童。对每个被调查的儿童用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵,对每一份新鲜粪便同时用生理盐水直接涂片法和饱和盐水浮聚法检查蛔虫卵、钩虫卵、鞭虫卵;同时给每个儿童发放问卷调查表。结果 1667名受检者中,常见的土源线虫感染人数为216人(12.96%),其中蛲虫感染率为4.44%,蛔虫8.28%,鞭虫0.54%,钩虫0.24%。甲级幼儿园肠道线虫总感染率为7.31%,乙级为12.60%,丙级为21.47%,不同级别幼儿园肠道线虫总感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论杭州市幼儿园儿童常见源线虫总感染率为12.96%;寄生虫感染率高低与幼儿园等级相关;环境和卫生设施等较差的丙级幼儿园将是寄生虫防治的重点对象。Objective To study the prevalence of common infections with soil-borne intestinal nematodes amongst kindergarten children aged 3 to 6 years in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province to provide evidence for determination of the priority of disease prevention and control. Methods Totally, 1667 preschool children were selected from 14 kindergartens of Classes A, B and C in east, middle and west Hangzhou. Perianal skin Scotch Tape （a short strip of sealing cellophane pressure-sensitive tape） specimens were collected for detection of eggs of Enterobius vermicularis, and stool specimens for eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostorna duodenale and Trichuris trichiura by Kato-Katz method and saturated brine floatation, as well as questionnaire interview, for all the children. Results Two hundred and sixteen of 1667 children examined were found infected with common soil-borne intestinal nematodes, with an overall prevalence of 12. 96% , 4. 44% for Enterobius vermicularis, 8. 28% for Ascaris lumbricoides,0. 54% for Trichuris trichiura and 0. 24% for Ancylostorna duodenale. Prevalence of infection of common intestinal nematodes was 7.31% in children of the Class A kindergartens, 12. 60% of Class B, and 21.47% of Class C, with statistically significant difference （ X^2 = 49.95, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions Overall prevalence of infection with common intestinal nematodes in children aged 3 to 6 years was 12. 96% at kindergartens of Hangzhou, which was associated with its classes. More importance should be attached to the prevention and control of intestinal nematode infection in the kindergartens of Class C with poor environmental and sanitary facilities.

关 键 词：线虫感染 流行病学 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.3[医药卫生—儿科]