我国11个城市变应性鼻炎自报患病率的相关因素分析  

Impacts of socioeconomic and environmental factors on self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis in eleven cities in China

作　　者：张罗[1] 韩德民[1] 黄丹[1] 王成硕[1] 王向东[1] 周兵[1] 赵岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所100730

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2007年第6期452-456,共5页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：科技部"十五"国家科技攻关计划(2004BA720A19-01)

摘　　要：目的在获取我国11个中心城市变应性鼻炎自报患病率的基础上,分析社会经济和环境因素对变应性鼻炎自报患病率的影响。方法 2004年9月—2005年5月,在中国2个直辖市(北京、上海)和9个省会城市(西安、沈阳、武汉、长沙、南京、杭州、广州、长春和乌鲁木齐)进行电话问卷调查,了解11个城市变应性鼻炎自报患病率。同时,获取相应城市的主要社会经济水平、气象状况和空气污染状况等指标,分析患病率与相关指标间的关系。结果①11个城市经性别和年龄校正后的变应性鼻炎自报患病率,与相应城市的主要社会经济指标(人口数量、地区生产总值、人均地区生产总值、工业生产总值和人均工业生产总值)相关性分析无统计学意义(P 值均>0.05)。②经性别和年龄矫正后的变应性鼻炎自报患病率与相应城市空气中二氧化硫浓度呈正相关关系(r^2值分别为0.673和0.614,P值均<0.05),而与其他空气污染指标的相关性无统计学意义。③经性别和年龄校正的变应性鼻炎自报患病率与相应城市的经度呈负相关关系(r^2值分别为-0.712和-0.635,P 值均<0.05),而与相应城市的纬度相关性检验,差异无统计学意义(P 值均>0.05),且与主要气象指标的相关性差异无统计学意义(P 值均>0.05)。结论 11个中心城市经性别和年龄校正后的变应性鼻炎自报患病率,与空气中二氧化硫的浓度呈正相关关系,与所在城市的经度呈负相关关系,与其他社会经济和环境因素的相关关系不显著,仍需深入研究。Objective Recent findings suggest that environmental factors play important roles in the etiology of allergic rhinitis, however, data on the impacts of socioeconomic and environmental factors on self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis in China is sparse, which is the aim of this study. Methods Telephone interviews were performed in 11 cities throughout the mainland of China, and the association between environmental factors and self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis were evaluated by multiple linear correlation tests. Results In total, there was no association between the adjusted self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis and socioeconomic factors such as GDP, GDP per capita, gross output value of industry and gross output value of industry per capita, while the adjusted self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was positively correlated with the concentration of SO2, and no association was found between adjusted self-reported rate of allergic rhinitis and either meteorological factors including annual average temperature, annual average relative humidity, annual hours of sunshine and annual precipitation or other air pollution factors including NO2 and PM10. Conclusions The study demonstrates that the self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis in 11 cities in China was positively correlated with the concentration of SO2, and the strategy of prevention for allergic rhinitis could be conducted according to the results.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 患病率 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]