基于光电传感器和示踪法的径流流速测量系统的研究  

Runoff flow velocity measurement system using photoelectric sensor and tracing method

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 李小昱[1] 王为[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工程技术学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2007年第5期116-120,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院;水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金项目(10501-92)

摘　　要：坡面径流流速是决定土壤侵蚀强度的重要因素，也是坡面侵蚀预报模型考虑的关键问题。采用LabVIEW虚拟仪器，开发了一套室内模拟坡面径流流速测量系统，包括试验台、光电传感器、采集卡及测控软件等。系统以泡沫粒子作为示踪粒子，进行了室内模拟坡面径流流速的测试。结果表明，自行设计的试验台能实现水沙循环使用，在0-400kg／m^3含沙量、0～25。坡面的范围内，该测量系统能够测定径流流速，最大相对误差为2．29％，为坡面径流流速的快速、准确测量提供了一种新的有效的方法。The velocity of slope runoff flow is an important parameter to evaluate soil erosion, and it is also a key factor in the soil erosion forecast. A runoff flow velocity measurement system based on LabVIEW was developed, which consisted of test-bed, photoelectric sensor, data acquisition card, measuring and controlling software. The experiment was completed in room simulation test-bed using foam particle as a tracer. The result indicates that the test-bed can recycle water and soil. The system measures runoff flow velocity accurately at the scope of 0-400 kg/m^3 and 0-25° of slope gradient. It is found that the greatest relative error of the system is 2.29%. This measurement system provides a new, valid method for speedy and accurate measurement of runoff flow velocity.

关 键 词：坡面径流 光电传感器 示踪法 流速 LABVIEW 

分 类 号：S271.1[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV121.2[农业科学—农业工程]