山区岩溶作用对土地利用方式的响应——以金佛山碧潭泉和水房泉两区岩溶系统为例  

Response of karstification to land-use types in mountain area—a case study of the karst areas in Bitan and Shuifang springs in Jinfo Mountain, Chongqing, China

作　　者：王冬银[1] 章程[1,2] 谢世友[1,3] 杨平恒[1] 张文晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,国土资源部岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [3]西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《地学前缘》2007年第4期222-230,共9页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"多重胁迫下西南岩溶生态系统脆弱性和生态恢复能力研究"(90202016);中国博士后科学基金项目(2005038473);重庆市科委研究项目(2004-8258);国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAC01A16)

摘　　要：不同的土地利用方式可使土地理化性质产生一系列的变化和差异,从而影响到岩溶作用的方向和强度。通过野外溶蚀试片实验法,对金佛山典型岩溶区碧潭泉和水房泉两泉域岩溶生态系统的5种典型土地利用方式下的土壤溶蚀速率进行雨季短时间尺度变化的野外观测。2006年7月中旬开始,重庆地区罕遇43天高温无雨的特殊天气,测试结果表明不同土地利用方式甚至同一土地利用方式下不同海拔的岩溶区石灰岩试片溶蚀速率都存在较大差异,碧潭泉域雨季绝对溶蚀量仅为水房泉域的13.3%,6个测试点土下溶蚀量由大到小依次为水房泉竹林地、水房泉林地、水房泉草地、碧潭泉林地、碧潭泉灌草丛、碧潭泉耕地。在研究时间内降雨量、温度和土壤CaCO3含量差异的基础上,金佛山两泉域岩溶作用主要有两个控制因素:土壤CO2浓度、土壤有机质。Previous studies on karst processes were always focused on karstification intensity and its variation Under different geological settings, climatic and hydrologic conditions in the view of macro scale, and considering changes of CO2 density driving karst processes in a certain area, or the contribution of carbonate rock weathering to the atmospheric CO2. Less attention was paid to the impact of land-use types on karst processes in mountain area. It has been recognized that intensity of karst processes could be largely affected by soil＇s physical and chemistry properties. These properties are closely related to types of land cover. Filed dissolution test of standard limestone pieces, carried out in the karst area of Bitan and Shuifang springs in Jinfo Mt. , Chongqing, in middle July of 2006, revealed that limestone dissolution was related to corrosion speed of the soil, and the soil＇s corrosion speed was different with land use types in study area, where five types of land-use were encountered. Moreover, it was also found that the soil＇s corrosion ratio was different at different elevation for same land-use types. At the six test sites, soil＇s corrosion ratio showed an increase trend from bamboo forest land of Shuifang spring, to forest land of Shuifang, to meadow of Shuifang, to forest of Bitan spring, to shrub of Bitan spring, and to land of Bitan spring. This study further found that except these basic factors controlling karstification, such as rainfall, the temperature and CaCO2 content in soils, CO2 density and organic content within soils were other two particular factors in the study area.

关 键 词：岩溶 土地利用 溶蚀 重庆金佛山 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]