对外汉语学习词典用例效度的若干关系  

作　　者：刘川平[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连外国语学院汉学院 辽宁大连116002

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2007年第6期50-52,F0004,共4页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

摘　　要：外向型汉语学习词典要求用例具有基础性、常用性和实用价值，提供语言背景、样式丰富。能否体现这些特点决定着用例的效度即实用性。本文以三部词典为样本，从内容、形式和功能三个方面分析、比较其用例特色与得失，进而阐明提高用例效度需要恰当处理的六组关系，即：规范性与适用性的关系；正例与反例的关系；句子例、短语例、构词例的关系；不同类型句子用例之间的关系；用例释义与定义释义的关系；句法功能周全性与功能频率层级性的关系。Dictionaries for SCSL learners require that the illustrations in the dictionaries be basic in language, high in frequency, practical in use, rich in language background knowledge,and varied in sentence types. These criteria determine the practicability,i, e. the validity of the illustrations. This article is to examine the content, form, and grammatical function of the examples in three dictionaries, compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of their use of illustrations,and highlight six relationships in improving the validity of the illustrations - the relationship between standardness of the illustrations and adaptability of the illustrations,the relationship between the illustrations that illustrate the right and wrong usages, the relationships between sentence examples, phrase examples and word-formation examples, relationships between different types of sentence examples,the relationship between demonstration through examples and explanations through definitions,the relationship between the integrity of grammatical function and the level of grammatical functional frequency.

关 键 词：对外汉语 词典 用例效度 

分 类 号：H06[语言文字—语言学]