双峰驼骨质疏松症的病因学和病理学研究  

A STUDY ON THE AETIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF OSTEOPOROSIS SYNDROME IN BACTRIAN CAMELS

作　　者：马卓[1,2,3] 刘宗平[1,2,3] 杨得兵 于勇 朱宣人 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学系 [2]内蒙古阿拉善右旗巴温兽医站 [3]南京农业大学动物医学院

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》1997年第2期152-158,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国际科学基金;国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：长期以来，在内蒙和甘肃部分沙漠草场放牧的驼群中存在一种以消瘦、异嗜、运动跛行和严重骨折倾向为主要特征的代谢性疾病。为确定其病性和地球化学病因，进行了环境土壤、牧草和饮水及机体血、毛和部分组织的矿物元素分析以及组织的病理形态学研究。结果表明，病区土壤和牧草中的磷含量分别为４２３±１３．５μｇ／ｇ和３７９±２７．４μｇ／ｇ干物质，显著低于正常区（Ｐ＜０．０１）。牧草中的钙：磷比为４９．８∶１。病驼血、毛及肋骨磷含量分别为２５３±７２．４μｇ／ｍｌ、９８．４±２１．７μｇ／ｇ和３２．０±９．１８ｍｇ／ｇ，显著低于正常驼（Ｐ＜０．０１）。病区土壤、牧草和病驼肝、肾及肋骨中铜含量与正常相比显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），但肝铜含量却高于报道的正常值。全身性骨损伤是本病最大的病理特征，最严重的是肋骨、髋骨和下颌骨。病理组织学证明这种损伤为典型的骨质疏松。肝、肾、心和中枢神经系统也有一定的病理学变化，但牙齿未受损伤。因此认为，该病为一种主要由磷缺乏引起的骨质疏松症。A metabolic disease characterized by emaciation,pica,lameness and liability to fracture has long been exsiting among bactrian camels grazing on the desert pasture in parts of Inner Mongolia and Gansu province Analyses of mineral elements in soil,water and forage from the affected and normal areas as well as in blood,hair and parts of tissues from normal and diseased camels,together with a pathological study were carried out to define the nature and major causes of the disease P contents in the soil and forage from the affected areas were found to be 42 3±13 5μg/g and 397±27 4μg/g,respectively,being significantly lower than those from the normal areas (P<0 01),Ca∶P ratio in the forage was 49 8∶1 P concentrations in the blood,hair and rib from the affected camels were 253±72 4μg/ml,98 4μg/g and 32 0±9 18mg/g,respectively,showing a significant decrease as compared with those from the healthy camels(P<0 01) Cu levels in the forage and soil from the affected area as well as some tissues of the diseased camels were also significantly lowered as compared with those from the normal areas and camels but liver Cu contents were not below the normal values.Bone injury,mainly seen in hipbone,rib and mandible,was the most important feature of the disease and was shown to be a kind of osteoporosis by histopathological study Some lesions were also seen in the liver,kidney,heart and nervous system But the tooth was rarely injured It follows that the disease was an oteoporosis syndrome mainly caused by P deficiency in the pasture Cu deficiency also played a role to a certain extent

关 键 词：磷缺乏 骨质疏松 双峰驼 病因学 病理学 

分 类 号：S858.246.5[农业科学—临床兽医学] S852.3[农业科学—兽医学]